Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essays

Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essays Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essay Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essay This research examines the impact intoxicant or drug usage and captivity of a parent has on kids. This survey is of import to research the kids risk ensuing from holding a parent incarcerated or on intoxicant or drugs. America is face with a serious job that needs to be address. Many parents are in gaol because of drug usage. Many parents that are incarcerated are functioning clip. This could impact the kid in many ways. Children need their parent to steer them when times are difficult. Most of all we need parents as a society to put good illustration for their kids to follow. It is really of import for parents to be good function theoretical accounts. Parents can non be good function theoretical accounts mistreating drugs or intoxicant nor incarcerated. Who will be the health professional of kids of incarcerated parents? In most instances the grandparent takes attention of the kids of incarcerated parent. This is a battle for them besides because they can hardly take attention of th emselves because of income or illness. There are several plans that help at hazard kids such as: Child with Incarcerated Parents ( CHIPS ) plan, Child Welfare League of America, Vermont Programs and The Children at Risk Program ( CAR ) . Due to the war on drugs the captivity rate in America is at record high degrees, the condemnable justness system now touches the lives of 1000000s of kids each twelvemonth ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Parents who go to prison due to drug usage do non endure entirely, the kids besides suffer. Children frequently have jobs in: school, behavioural issues, adolescent gestation, or go intoxicant or drug maltreaters themselves. Parents who use drug or intoxicant influence their kids to prosecute in the usage of drugs and intoxicant. It is widely acknowledged that kids who parents use drugs face many challenges. Children of incarcerated parents that had abuse drugs are likely to ; prosecute in delinquent activities, bead out of school or be incarcerated themselves. Children affected by parents being incarcerated experience challenges keeping uninterrupted household relationships because of alterations in health professionals, separation from siblings, and limited contact with parent. Through research more than half of the 1.4 million grownups incarcerated in province and federal prisons are parents of minor kids ( Mumola, 2000 ) . The bulk of parents are functioning clip for either violent discourtesies ( 46 % of male parents and 26 % of female parents ) or drug discourtesies ( 23 % of male parents and 35 % of female parents ) ( Mumola, 2000 ) . A important figure of incarcerated parents struggle with substance maltreatment. In most instances the female parent is the primary health professional, in a individual parent place. There is a dramatic impact on kids when their female parent is incarcerated versus their male parent. Who is taking attention of your kid while you serve clip? When parents are incarcerated, the grandparents usually take the function of health professional. The range of this survey is to place that parental substance maltreatment can hold negative effects on kids. Many surveies have suggested that parental separation due to imprisonment, intoxicant and/or substance maltreatment had profound effects on kids ( The Osborne Association, 1992 ) . The immediate effects included feeling of shame, societal stigma, loss of fiscal support, weakened ties to the parent, and alterations in household composing, hapless school public presentation, increased delinquency, and increased hazard of maltreatment or disregard ( The Osborne Association, 1992 ) . Surveies have besides linked juvenile delinquency to alcohol and drug use by teens or their parents ( Okrentowich, 2007 ) . Harmonizing to Parsons ( 2003 ) , one out of four households in America suffers with drug or intoxicant related jobs. Through research it has been discovered that domestic force witnessed by kids can hold long-run negative effects ( Okrentowich, 2007 ) . Parental captivity and related enduring injury, separation, and unequal attention interfere with kid development, ensuing in negative long-run results, including intergenerational captivity ( Block, Margaret, Potthast, 2001 ) . Aim The intent of this survey is to foreground the concerns about: safety, well-being, and wellness of kids of incarcerated parent, and provide ways in which: societal workers, kid public assistance, mental wellness, condemnable justness, baby and kid development and policymakers can join forces to run into the demands of kids and their households. Harmonizing to Simmons ( 2000 ) , the constabulary and tribunals do non on a regular basis inquire at the clip of apprehension or condemning whether a captive has kids. The kids of the incarcerated tend to be ignored by the condemnable justness and societal service systems ( Simmons, 2000 ) . Significance The significance of this survey to the field of condemnable justness is to better understand the incarcerated population and its impact on the kids of the incarcerated. Determine the sorts of hazard factors ensuing from holding a parent incarcerated, and determine when the authorities should step in for the intent of the kid good being. Statement of the job The hypothesis for this survey is that there is a relationship between parental drug usage and their kids utilizing drugs. There is besides a relationship between kids utilizing drugs and neglecting classs. Parents who use drugs act upon their teens to make the same thing ensuing in captivity. Separation from parents can do several jobs with kids such as: feeling wantonness, sad or angry, it could besides take to eating or kiping upsets, lower grads, and behavior jobs. Children that are ages seven to ten old ages of age may hold lay waste toing effects socially such as: acquiring entirely with other and holding aggressive behaviour with kids. Children of captive s ages 11-14 have informants their parents take part in offense, apprehension or captivity. Some childs are affected by the absence of a parent, but many kids can non accommodate with their parent absence ensuing in behavioural jobs. Harmonizing to Dr. Elizabeth Dunn and J. Gordon, Late adolescence is the period over which kids develop a cohesive individuality, the ability to prosecute in grownup work and relationships, and the capacity to go independent and self sufficient. Literature Review Life for households during captivity is complicated by the fact that these are non typically traditional household constellations ( Mumola, 2000 ) . A survey of incarcerated male parents found that half of the population had kids with multiple adult females and were hence non populating with all of their kids ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Many of these kids were populating with health professionals other than their parents before the captivity of their female parent or male parent. Several surveies have found that anyplace from 26 to 44 per centum of kids of incarcerated female parents were populating with a health professional other than their female parent before the female parent s captivity ( Johnston 2001 ) . This is besides true among adult females who have been incarcerated more than one time ( Mumola, 2000 ) . A study done by the U.S. Department of Justice, less than half of parents in province prison reported populating with their kids before admittance ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Research reve als that less than one in five of these households had both parents populating with their kids before captivity ( Mumola, 2000 ) . This is really distressing happening with of import deductions for how these households function both during and following a period of parental captivity ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Captivity of a parent in prison can be called a household crisis. In America, an estimated 200, 000 kids in the U.S. have an imprisoned female parent and 1.6 million imprison male parent ( Seymour, 2001 ) . The increasing figure of kids of incarcerated parents has affected the kid public assistance system significantly. Harmonizing to Seymour ( 2001 ) , the kids in the kid public assistance system whose parents are incarcerated have similar jobs that the remainder of the kid public assistance population households suffer from such as: poorness, domestic force, substance maltreatment, and several other jobs, they frequently remain in the kid public assistance system longer and see poorer results than other kids ( U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1999 ) . These childs have multiple demands that are disputing to turn to ( Child Welfare, 2001 ) . Effectss on Childs Leading by illustration is really of import when raising kids. Children watch everything their parents do. They frequently want to be merely like their parents. It is of import for parents to put good illustration for their kids. If parents who drink or use drugs, opportunities are your kid will make the same. Harmonizing to Markel, MD, PhD ( 2005 ) , the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse ( CASA ) at Columbia University found that parents who use illegal drugs, maltreatment intoxicant, and utilize baccy put 50 % of the state s kids more than 35 million of them at increased hazard of substance maltreatment and of physical and mental unwellness. We know that kids whose parents have been incarcerated experience a scope of negative results. It is hard, nevertheless, to find whether those effects are a direct consequence of a parent being in prison or the nature of household life in the family. For illustration, a few surveies have found that kids of incarcerated parents are more likely to exhibit low self-pride, depression, emotional backdown from household and household, and inappropriate or riotous behaviour at place and in school ( Henriques, 1982 ) . Some grounds suggests that kids of incarcerated parents are at high hazard for future delinquency and/or condemnable behaviour ( Johnston 1995 ) . The impact of parental captivity on kids can be related to a figure of conditions such as: the offense and apprehension that preceded captivity, or general instability, poorness, and unequal attention at place. Furthermore, the grade to which a kid is affected by a parent s captivity may be determined by a figure of variables, inclu ding the age at which the kid is separated from his or her parent, the length of the separation, the degree of break, the figure and consequence of old separation experiences, and the handiness of household or community support ( Seymour, 2001 ) . Few surveies have straight examined the lives and results for kids of incarcerated parents. In fact, most surveies have been methodologically limited in that they looked at merely a little sample or used unequal comparing groups, hence doing it hard to organize generalisations ( Seymour 2001 ) . There have been no longitudinal surveies following kids from a parent s captivity through release. The effects on kids have been often compared to the experiences of kids covering with divorce, forsaking or the decease of a parent. Children of captives frequently report depression, choler, concentration jobs, fright, sleep troubles, guilt and flashbacks, symptoms associated with post-traumatic emphasis upset. Fewer than half of the parents in province prison reported that they had been populating with their kids prior to captivity ( Seymour, 2001 ) . One-third of incarcerated female parents indicated that they had been populating entirely with their kids in the month prior to captivity ( Seymour, 2001. Eighty per centum of captives reported that their kid was populating with the kid s other parent during their captivity, while 20 per centum cited a grandparent as health professional ( Seymour, 2001 ) . Forty per centum of male parents and 60 per centum of female parents reported that they had at least some sort of hebdomadal contact ( telephone, letters, and personal visits ) with their kids ( Seymour, 2001 ) . A figure of kids are present at the clip of their parent s apprehension. Without that parent, kids mourn ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Some mourn the loss of the parent that was available to care for them ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Others mourn the loss of what could hold been ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . In some instances the kid is relieve their parent has been arrested because they are no longer able to ache themselves or others, and perchance they can alter during their captivity ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . In other instances when kids are present at the apprehension of their parent, the loss of separation can be compounded by impotence, and force ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . In some instances, the kid may see police indifference or ferociousness ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Many kids of incarcerated parents exhibit symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder and Attachment Disorders ( AdalistEstri n, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Social Stigma Children experience the stigma of holding a parent in prison. For most kids, the stigma of losing a parent to prison is felt in their vicinity, among their equals, and from their instructors and household members frequently ensuing in feeling shame and low self- regard. For other kids who come from vicinities or households where captivity is a more common event, the stigma may be less intense but the demands are non ( Gaudin and Sutphen 1993 ) . Unfortunately, schools and communities do non offer specific plans to assist these kids cope with the loss of a parent to prison. Injury Trauma diverts kids s energy from developmental undertakings ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Children in stable environments use their emotional energy to get the hang assorted age specific developmental undertakings ( Mumola, 2000 ) . However, if kids s life fortunes overwhelm their capacity to get by, emotional endurance begins to take precedency over developmental undertakings, ensuing in delayed development, arrested development, or other maladaptive header schemes ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Children find it really hard to get by in state of affairss characterized by uncertainness ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Children with a parent in prison frequently worry about instability and uncertainness as inquiries about their continued attention are being sorted out ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Some health professionals keep information from kids to protect them, nevertheless this lone make the kid feel emphasis and unsure ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Education Child from substance or intoxicant maltreatment and incarcerated households are more likely to hold larning disablements: repetition more classs, attend more schools and more likely to be awol, delinquent and drop out of school because of gestation, ejection or institutionalized. Children whose parents drink excessively much or utilize other drugs may: be tired because of place events and unable to concentrate in school or other activities, witness physical or emotional maltreatment between household members, or see it themselves, be loath to convey friends place due to embarrassment about the addicted parent s behaviour and unable to concentrate on prep because of combat, tenseness or concern at place. Health professional Who is responsible for your kid when you are incarcerated? Harmonizing to informations from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, the primary health professionals who have been arrested have higher degrees of: substance maltreatment, domestic force, and utmost poorness, families with never-arrested health professionals have less of these symptoms ( Dettlaff, Phillip, 2009 ) . Children of arrested and neer arrested health professionals have comparable degrees of clinically important emotional and behavioural jobs, but these jobs are more prevailing in both groups that are typical for kids in the general population ( Dettlaff, Phillip, 2009 ) . The function parents play in their kids s development and the possible impact of a parent-child separation due to captivity besides highlight the demand for societal service bureaus to happen ways to assist households remain in touch during captivity and reunite upon release, where appropriate. One research worker has concluded that trial can be good for kids seeking to get by with the loss of a parent to prison ( Johnston, 1995 ) . One of the most immediate alterations experienced by the household of an incarcerated parent is a alteration in household composing and life agreements. Most kids are non present at the clip of their parent s apprehension, and parents typically do non state the constabulary that they have minor kids ( American Bar Association 1993 ) . As a consequence, many kids are informally placed with other household members and do non come in the Foster attention system following the apprehension of a parent. However, arrangement of a kid varies depending on whether the male parent or female parent is arrested and incarcerated. Children of incarcerated male parents typically reside with their female parents ( 90 per centum ) , while kids of incarcerated female parents are frequently placed with other household members ( 79 per centum ) ( Mumola 2000 ) . Children are more likely to be plac ed in surrogate attention ( 10 per centum ) if their female parent is sentenced to prison than if their male parent is incarcerated ( 2 per centum ) . The allotment of kid attention duties before captivity influences how much the captivity affects these agreements during the prison term. Although incarcerated male parents are less likely to hold been populating with at least one of their kids before imprisonment, these male parents are however involved in their kids s lives to some extent. These male parents besides provided regular fiscal support and/or on a regular basis visited their kids even though they did non populate with them. Yet, because a female parent is typically the primary health professional for her kid, her imprisonment will probably hold a greater consequence on household construction and operation. Trial Keeping relationships between parent and kid during a period of captivity can be hard. There are several barriers kids of captivity parent have to digest such as: inconvenient visiting hours, uncomfortable or mortifying security processs, and high cost of having cod calls from prison and long travel times to the correctional installation ( McMurray, 1993 ) . More than half of incarcerated female parents do non have any visits from their kids while they are in prison. It is normally helpful for kids to see their parent in prison to assist maintain that parent and child bond ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . However there are frequently behavioural reactions after visits because kids frequently feel the heartache of go forthing their parent one time once more ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . These behaviours are really painful ensuing in the parents to bespeak non to see ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Surveies have proved that bulk of kids cope with the crisis of pare ntal captivity better when they visit their parents ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . However, it takes clip for kids and households to cover with the feelings that the visits raise ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . While non sing, is sometimes easier on the emotions in the short tally, out of sight, is non out of head ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Programs for kids Two plans that help kids of incarcerated parents are the Youth Advocacy Program ( YAP ) and the Children with Incarcerated Parents ( ChIPS ) plan operated by the Center for Community Alternatives ( CCA ) ( Weissman, 2001 ) . The first measure in these two peculiar plans is to set up trust. Confidentiality is the 2nd measure because most of the clip kids of incarcerated parents try to conceal the truth about their parent ) ( Weissman, 2001 ) . Specific plan s focal point on issues such as: isolation, self-esteem, and shame ( Weissman, 2001 ) . Others focus on developing schemes for get bying with the absence of a parent, developing support systems, substance maltreatment, and understanding the correctional system ( Weissman, 2001 ) . Another chief end is to promote the kids of incarcerated parents to take part in other youth-oriented CCA plans. The Child Welfare League of America The Child Welfare League of America ( CWLA ) is an association of more than 1,100 public and non-profit-making bureaus devoted to bettering life for more than 3.5 million at hazard kids and young persons and their households. Member bureaus are involved with bar and intervention of kid maltreatment and disregard, and they provide assorted services in add-on to child protection affinity attention, household Foster attention, acceptance, positive young person development plans, residential group attention, kid attention, household centered pattern, and plans for pregnant and rearing adolescents. Vermont Programs Vermont has a plan that helps kids of incarcerated parents. This plan is an branch of the Lamoille County Court Diversion Restorative Justice Programs ( Barr, 2008 ) . The intent of this plan is to forestall childs from come ining gaol or prison. This plan is available to kids that have parents or guardian that is incarcerated ( Barr, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Barr ( 2008 ) , research shows that kids who have strong and stable household connexions, do good in school, and are connected with their communities are more likely to be successful as grownups. Through instance direction the CJR aid kids and their households achieve ends within: school, community, and place life ( Barr, 2008 ) . The CJR specializers frequently make place and school visits ( Barr, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Barr ( 2008 ) , over clip, the undertaking has revealed that the most needful aid has been in assisting kids receive preventative medical attention. This plan is the lone one of its sort funded by the provi nce. The Children at Risk Program The Children at Risk Program ( CAR ) is a drug, intoxicant, and delinquency bar plan. The plan is aimed at enrolling high hazard striplings eleven to thirteen old ages of age life in troubled vicinities. The plan provided services such as: intensive instance direction, household services, mentoring, and inducements. The household services were responsible for working with really household member and turn toing really job that could impact the place environment and support for the young person. The instance direction had to find the demands of the young person and their household. The young person was assigned a wise man if he or she did non hold a caretaker in the family. The CAR plan besides provided: tutoring, aid making prep, proving and particular instruction category. For good behaviour inducements was given to the young person. Methodology This current undertaking reveals the consequence intoxicant or drug usage and captivity can hold on a kid. The participants were striplings 11 to 13 old ages of age and parents populating in troubled vicinities, male ( 52 % ) and female ( 48 % ) ( Harrell, Adele V. , Cavanagh, Sridharan, 1999 ) . The race of participants were black ( 58 % ) , Hispanic ( 34 % ) , and white or Asiatic ( 8 % ) ( Harrell, etc. 1999 ) . The primary attention giver was frequently the female parent ( 80 % ) ( Harrell, etc. 1999 ) . The male topics were chosen through a random choice. The females offer to take part from a convenience sample. The major types of variables in this survey was how long did you utilize alcohol or drug, household history of captivity or force, who was the primary health professional at the clip of apprehension, how many childs do you hold and their age, and if the kid of all time had jobs with drugs or intoxicant ( James, 2003 ) . The Statistical plan ( SPSS ) will be used to analy se the variable for this survey. The hypothesis for this survey is that there is a relationship between parental drug and intoxicant usage and adolescent substance maltreatment. There is besides a relationship between adolescent substance maltreatment and neglecting classs. Harmonizing to Markel, MD, PhD ( 2005 ) , the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse ( CASA ) at Columbia University found that parents who use illegal drugs, maltreatment intoxicant, and utilize baccy put 50 % of the state s kids more than 35 million of them at increased hazard of substance maltreatment and of physical and mental unwellness. Children of incarcerated parent have multiple demands that are disputing to turn to. The survey consist of samples from two hundred 20 nine work forces and 50 two adult females aged 18 and older, who were in their first 40 eight hours of captivity in the section of corrections and who were voluntary participants in Arrestee drug maltreatment monitoring ( ADAM ) plan ( James, 2003 ) . Participants of the ADAM plan were selected from all arrestees charged with any condemnable act ( James, 2003 ) . The male topics were chosen through a random choice procedure, and the female topics were taken from a convenience sample ( James, 2003 ) . The survey that was administrated used a questionnaire completed as an dependence to the ADAM plan chief interview ( James, 2003 ) . All the participants of the ADAM plan had to listen to a 2nd informed consent statement before completing the chief study, after which they were asked to finish the 10 minute interview ( James, 2003 ) . The interview was submitted in person/face to confront interview ( James, 2003 ) . Variables used in the survey include the sex and race of the respondents, type of offense was incarcerated for, household condemnable history, history of drug and intoxicant usage and place the drug that was used, age when foremost started utilizing drugs and/or intoxicant, in last 12 months how many times did you utilize drugs and/or intoxicant ( James, 2003 ) . The other variables is refering to the captive kids including: how many kids and their ages for which you are responsible for, who does the kid reside with, who take the duty of watching the kid while the respondent is incarcerated, the figure of yearss of school the kid was absent within the past 12 months, if the kid had of all time had a history of drug and/or intoxicant usage, if the kid had of all time been admitted in a juvenile detainment installation, and if the kid had of all time received any support such as tutoring, guidance, or rearing categories ( James, 2003 ) . This survey examined the captive population and households at hazard and the connexion between parental substance usage and captivity and its impact on the kids of the incarcerated ( James, 2003 ) . Children of incarcerated parents frequently have jobs in: school, behavioural issues, adolescent gestation and intoxicant or drug maltreatment. The kids may besides endure from multiple psychological jobs including injury, anxiousness, guilt, shame, and fright ( The Women s Prison Association A ; Home ) . Many surveies have suggested that parental separation due to imprisonment, intoxicant and/or substance maltreatment had profound effects on kids ( The Osborne Association, 1992 ) .

Understanding Gaslighting and What Victims Can Do

Understanding Gaslighting and What Victims Can Do Gaslighting is a harmful form of psychological abuse in which a person or entity attempts to gain power over others by making them question their own recollection of events, perception of reality, and ultimately  their sanity.  Ã‚  Ã‚   As used in clinical research, literature, and political commentary, the term comes from the 1938 Patrick Hamilton play â€Å"Gas Light,† and its film adaptations released in 1940 and 1944, in which a murderous husband slowly drives his wife insane by progressively dimming their home’s gas-powered lights without her knowledge. When his wife complains, he convincingly tells her that the light has not changed.   Since almost anyone can fall victim to gaslighting, it is a common tactic of domestic abusers, cult leaders, sociopaths, narcissists, and dictators. Gaslighting can be perpetrated by either women or men. Often especially convincingly charming liars, gaslighters consistently deny their devious actions. For example, physically abusive persons involved in intimate relationships may gaslight their partners by passionately denying  they had acted violently or by trying to convince victims that they â€Å"deserved it,† or â€Å"enjoyed it.† Ultimately, gaslighting victims lower their expectations of what constitutes true affection and start to see themselves as being less deserving of affectionate treatment. The gaslighter’s ultimate goal is to instill a feeling of â€Å"I can’t believe my eyes† causing their victims to second guess their perception of reality, choice, and decision, thus increasing their level of trust in and dependence on their abuser for helping them â€Å"do the right thing.† Dangerously, of course, the â€Å"right thing† is often the â€Å"wrong thing.† The longer the gaslighting continues, the more catastrophic its effects can be on the victim’s psychological health. In the most serious cases, the victim actually begins to accept the gaslighter’s false version of reality as the truth, stop looking for help, reject the advice and support of family and friends, and become completely dependent of their abuser. Techniques and Examples of Gaslighting The techniques of gaslighting are cleverly designed to make it hard for victims to recognize. In most cases, the gaslighter purposely creates situations that allow them to hide the truth from the victim. For example, a gaslighter might move his partner’s keys from their usual spot, causing her to think she had misplaced them. He then â€Å"helps† her find the keys, telling her something like, â€Å"See? They’re right where you always leave them.† According the Domestic Abuse Hotline, the most common techniques of gaslighting include: Withholding: The gaslighter pretends not to understand or ignores his or her victims. For example, â€Å"Oh, not this again,† or â€Å"Now you’re trying to confuse me,† or â€Å"How many times have I told you†¦?†Countering: The gaslighter wrongly blames the victim’s faulty memory, even when the victim’s recollection is accurate. For example, â€Å"You’ve been forgetting things more often lately,† or â€Å"Your mind is playing tricks on you again.†Blocking or Diverting: The gaslighter keeps changing the subject or questioning their victim’s mental health, For example, â€Å"I bet your crazy friend (or family member) told you that,† or â€Å"You’re just making things up so you can use them against me.†Trivializing: The gaslighter makes the victim’s needs or fears seem unimportant. For example: â€Å"You’re mad at me for a little thing like that?† or â€Å"You’re going to let that come between us?†Forgetting or Denial: The gaslighter falsely claims to have forgotten what actually happened or denies promises made to the victim. For example, â€Å"I told you I was going to be late,† or â€Å"I never told you I would pick you up.† Common Signs of Gaslighting Victims must first recognize the signs  of gaslighting in order to escape the abuse. According to psychoanalyst Robin Stern, Ph.D., you might be a victim if: You seem to be second-guessing or doubting yourself more often,You constantly wonder if you might be â€Å"too sensitive.†You often feel confused, possibly to the point of doubting your own sanity.You constantly feel you need to apologize to your partner.You wonder why, with so many good things in your life, you are so unhappy.You frequently feel the need to make excuses for partner’s behavior.You often withhold information about your partner’s behavior from friends and family.You know something is very wrong, but can’t quite figure out what it is.You struggle to make what should be simple decisions.You constantly feel that you need to be a â€Å"better person.†You feel hopeless and joyless.You wonder if you are â€Å"good enough† partner. Since some of these signs of gaslighting- especially those involving memory loss and confusion- could also be symptoms of another physical or emotional disorder,  persons experiencing them should always consult with a physician. Recovering from Gaslighting Once they recognize that someone is gaslighting them, victims can recover and regain their ability to trust their own perception of reality. Victims often benefit from re-establishing relationships they may have abandoned as a result of being abused. Isolation only makes the situation worse and surrenders more power to the abuser. Knowing they have the trust and support of others helps victims recover the ability to trust and believe in themselves. Recovering gaslighting victims may also choose to seek professional therapy to gain reassurance that their sense of reality is correct. Again able to trust themselves, victims are better able to end their relationship with their abusers. While gaslighter-victim relationships can be salvaged, doing so can be difficult. As relationship therapist Darlene Lancer, JD, points out, both partners must be willing and able to change their behavior. Willing partners sometimes successfully encourage each other to change. However, as Lancer notes, this is less likely to happen if one or both partners has an addiction or personality disorder. Key Points About Gaslighting Gaslighting is a harmful form of psychological abuse.Gaslighters attempt to gain control over others by making them question their own memory, reality, and sanity.Gaslighting is a common tactic of domestic abusers, cult leaders, sociopaths, narcissists, and dictators.The first step in recovering from gaslighting is realizing it is happening.As with all forms of psychological and domestic abuse, professional help is often needed. Sources and Additional References Firth, Shanon. â€Å"What is gaslighting?† The Week onlineJacobson, Neil S.; Gottman, John M. When Men Batter Women: New Insights into Ending Abusive Relationships. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81447-6â€Å"What is Gaslighting.† Domestic Abuse Hotline. Online. May 29, 2014â€Å"7 Signs You Are a Victim of Gaslighting†. Divorced moms .comâ€Å"11 Warning Signs of Gaslighting.† PsychologyToday.com. January 22, 2017Stern, Robin, PhD. The Gaslight Effect: How to Spot and Survive the Hidden Manipulation Others Use to Control Your Life. Harmony. ISBN 978-0-7679-2445-0â€Å"Gaslighting Definition, Techniques and Being Gaslighted.†Ã‚  HealthyPlace.comâ€Å"Gaslighting.† GoodTherapy.org onlineLancer, Darlene JD, LMFT. â€Å"How to Know If Youre a Victim of Gaslighting.† PsychologyToday.com. January, 13, 2018Stout, Martha. The Sociopath Next Door. Random House Digital. ISBN 978-0-7679-1582-3.

Law and Order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Law and Order - Essay Example Basically every country needs a sequence and order to operate its functions properly. In order to make all the tasks of the country go smoothly law and order is implied. Law and order also make sure that a country has peaceful conditions and every one is treated equally. Law and order make sure that every person of the country has its share of rights. If a country lacks stableness in Law and order than it deteriorates economically, its neighbor countries avoid major communications with the country and the conditions of the country meaning peace is not maintained. If a country’s law and order is not imposed properly than automatically it loses political stability. In order to maintain Law and order in a country certain aspects need to be given special importance and it should be made sure that ignorance is avoided. The major factor for an efficient Law and order is to have a good balanced Lawsuit. Other factors include an effective check system on the Law imposers in order to check their credibility and the ratio of police to citizens. Another important factor is the role of the citizens in maintaining Law and order in their country. It’s important for the citizens to abide by law and obey every lawful order.

Retailing Business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Retailing Business - Case Study Example Discussion will be mde bsing on one of mngement prdigms used to review the wy n orgniztion functions. The most suitble prdigm in discussion of orgniztionl culture nd structure is interpretive discourse. Current paradigm was chosen because it assists in defining organizational culture and visualizing the structure of an organization.( As long as interpretetive paradigm aims to characterize how people experience the world, the ways they interact together, and the settings in which these interactions take place and thus, the discussion in present paper will be based on this specific approach (Burrell, Morgn, 1979). In the end, current pper will provide recommendtions for n orgniztion in frmes of chosen prdigm. The structurl chnges of orgniztionl strtegy re presented nd recommendtions to the top mngement tem t Tnglewood re provided. Tnglewood is leding chin of retil stores proposing items such s clothing, pplinces, electronics, nd home decor. There re totl of 243 stores wth more thn 29600 people employed in the sttes of Wshington, Oregon, Northern Cliforni, Idho, Montn, Wyoming, Colordo, Uth, Nevd, New Mexico, nd rizon. The compny opertes in the moderte price niche, trgeting middle- nd upper-income customers. Tnglewood's strtegic distinction is n "outdoors" theme, with lrge cmping nd outdoor living section in every store. The store lso distinguishes itself by its simple, elegnt, nd uncluttered design concepts for the store nd their in-house products (ilwdi, Keller, 2005). The compny's mission sttement is: "Tnglewood will be the best deprtment store for customers seeking qulity, durbility, nd vlue for ll spects of their ctive lives. We re committed s compny to providing mximum vlue to our customers, shreholders, nd employees. We will ccomplish this gol by dhering to the core vlues of responsible finncil mngement, cler nd honest communiction, nd lwys keeping performnce nd customer service in the forefront" (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004, p 83). Relyng on sles of non-food tems nd on nterntonl sales particularly n emergng mrkets--for n mportnt prt of the compny's future expnson, Tnglewood hs delvered one of the fstest orgnc growth rtes of ny mjor retler n the world. The process of growth hs been very quick in the lst 5 yers, nd hs involved buyouts of severl smller chins of deprtment stores. While ll the stores under the Tnglewood nme hve the sme bsic look, the mngement styles nd humn resource (HR) prctices still reflect the historicl differences between stores. (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004). Underpnnng Tnglewood's success s excellent mngement nd n obsesson wth opertonl effcency nd productvty gns, whch the compny uses to keep prces low or to mprove servce rther thn to ncrese ts opertng mrgns. Despte ths mpressve record, Tnglewood s stll reltvely smll compred wth the lkes of Kohl's nd Trget, but t s growng fster (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004). Despte ths mpressve record Tnglewood stll fces number of chllenges during the fiscl yer. The US retler is smll n comprson wth the lke s Kohl nd TrgetCrrefour so it in order to rech hgher records it hd to substntlly nvest n hrdwre nd softwre of both compnes so tht the sustnble compettve dvntge n ts onlne retlng busness hs been reched. (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004). The trget udience of Tnglewood is people of ll ges who mke

Category Analysis of Sports and Energy Drinks In Hong Kong Essay Example for Free

Category Analysis of Sports and Energy Drinks In Hong Kong Essay Introduction Our company, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. , Ltd, is planning for a product strategy to its product: Pocari Sweat. Pocari Sweat is a grapefruit-tasting, non-carbonated sweet beverage and is advertised as an â€Å"ion supply drink†. It is designed to increase endurance, replace electrolyte loss or prevent dehydration when exercising for long periods of time. Pocari Sweat is well-recognized by the local people, especially to the athletes. Category Attractiveness Analysis Category Factor The product category we defined is the Sports and Energy Drinks. We gained the first mover advantage when the product was launched at 1980, which we are the market leader which has a off-trade volume of brand share of 43. 8% in 2012 (see Appendix Table 6). The threat of new entrants in this category is low due to the intensive competition, and there is low pressure from substitutes as sports and energy drinks are specialized products. The bargaining power of suppliers is low while the bargaining power of buyers is high. The competition in current market is highly intensive. Details can be referred to the analysis on Category Factors on Attractiveness in Appendix. Overall, this category is still attractive. Aggregate Factor The product life cycle of Sports and Energy Drinks is more likely in mature stage. From the historical figures of whole beverage market, the market size of Sports and Energy Drinks is relatively small. The market growth of off-trade sales volume of this category is increasing constantly by 5. 4% from 2007 to 2012. It will grow constantly in the future by 5% of each year. Since Sports and Energy Drinks are daily commodities for those people after exercising, the sales cyclicity and seasonality is low, as well as the profit variability. Profit level of the market is high. Overall, this category is attractive. Environmental Factor Due to the rise of childhood obesity and the increasing number of cases of cancer, diabetes and heart disease, there are an increasing number of initiatives by both government and non-governmental organizations to promote healthy living and a more balanced lifestyle. The consumer awareness of doing exercises increases and consumers become more willing to engage in sports to keep fit and relieve the stress of their work. Also, there are an increasing number of participations in sports event. Each year, the number of registration of Standard Chartered Hong Kong Marathon increases gradually. Other sports events such as Nike Night Run, New World Harbour Race, and charity runs are also well supported by the local residents. These led to increased consumer awareness of the benefits of sports drinks, result in the increase of purchasing of sports drinks. Competitor Analysis Level of competitions Level of competitions can be divided into Sports Drinks, Sports and Energy Drinks, Beverages and Food. Since the sales volume of Sports Drinks is contributed to 80% (Appendix Table 1) of sales in the Sports and Energy Drinks category, analysis of competition would be focus on the Sports Drinks only. Based on the perceptual map analysis, the closest competitor to Pocari Sweat is Aquarius. Both Pocari Sweat and Aquarius are ion supply drinks with a grapefruit-liked flavour. Aquarius tastes a bit lighter than Pocari Sweat. For Lucozade and Gatorade, the brand images of both are more professional for athletes, with stronger taste in different flavours. Aquarius would be the main competitor for further analysis. In terms of the brand shares of Sports Drinks, Lucozade would also be a main competitor of Pocari Sweat. GlaxoSmithKline, the company of the brand Lucozade, stated that strengthening core business is their strategic concern on 2012. The company objective is having growth in the Sports Drinks market, and they set up a new innovation centre in mainland China. Aquarius, which is a sport drink launched in 2011 by Coca-Cola Company, is highly involved in many race events in Hong Kong. Although there are no Aquarius advertisements in Hong Kong, you can find Aquarius as sponsored sports drinks in local events such as Standard Chartered Marathon Hong Kong. Maintaining growth in the market is also the main objective of Coca-Cola Company in Aquarius. Although Aquarius is a new entrant to the market since 2011, it has about 5% of volume brand shares in the market in two years. With the financial background and the brand image of Coca-Cola Company, it raises the brand awareness of Aquarius by keep involving in the public event, in order to attract the sportsmen to buy their products. Aquarius would be the main competitor in the field of isotonic rehydration sports drink. Conclusion. The Sports and Energy Drinks market is attractive, as the market size is constantly growing, the threat of new entrant is low, the pressure from substitutes is low and the profit variability is low. With the continuous sports and healthy lifestyle promotions by both government and non-government organizations, they will boost up the sales of Sports and Energy Drinks. In the Sports Drinks market, Pocari Sweat is the market leader with 43. 8% of brand shares of total in volume. People prefer buying Pocari Sweat for recovery after exercising comparing with other related products. Aquarius is the closest competitor related to our product. Still, the company has to maintain the brand loyalty and attract more customers by marketing and advertising. Recommendation The company can put more resources on advertising and also target a new market segment: manual labours. Manual labours need to replace electrolyte loss and prevent dehydration while working, especially in the hot seasons. Pocari Sweat would be the best choice for them. Also, the company can invest more on RD to develop a new product which is best suited for the new market segment. Words counted: 934. Reference Euromonitor International 2013, Sports and Energy Drinks in Hong Kong, China, Passport. Euromonitor International 2013, Bottled Water in Hong Kong, China, Passport. Euromonitor International 2013, Carbonates in Hong Kong, China, Passport. Euromonitor International 2012, Consumer Lifestyles in Hong Kong, China, Passport Annual Report 2012, Otsuka Holdings Co. , Ltd. Annual Report 2012, GlaxoSmithKline plc. Annual Report 2012, Swire Pacific Ltd. Supermarket Price Watch. [Online]. Consumer Council. Available: http://www3. consumer. org. hk/pricewatch/supermarket/index. php? filter1=027filter2=006lang=en Erik, P. Sports drinks vs. energy drinks. [Online]. Available: http://www. examiner. com/article/sports-drinks-vs-energy-drinks-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly Appendix Category Factors on Attractiveness Reasons Attractiveness Low Threat of new entrants Current market is competed intensively, and the new entrants are hardly survived in this environment. The capital requirement is high as special formula for sports drinks needs to be developed. High High Bargaining Power of buyers The major buyers are supermarkets (61. 4%) and convenience stores (35%), which they have a higher bargaining power when purchasing a large amount of products. (Appendix Table 3) Low Low Bargaining Power of suppliers The ingredients of the Sports and Energy Drinks can be purchased from different suppliers. The switching cost to other suppliers is low. High High Intensity of Rivalry There are 9 major brands in the current market. (Appendix Table 6) The competition is highly intensive. Low Low Pressure from substitutes Other carbonate drinks or juices do not have the same benefits as sports and energy drinks on performance and recovery during exercising. Bottled water would be the main substitutes of Sports and Energy Drinks. High. Attractiveness of Market Variables Reasons Attractiveness Small Market size Compare with other drinks, the market size of Sports and Energy Drinks is relatively small, only has an off-trade sale volume of 20. 3 million litres in 2012. (Appendix Table 2) Low Constant Market growth Market growth of sales volume increased by about 5. 4% each year from 2007 to 2012, the forecast growth rate of the market is also positive. (Appendix Table 4 5) The market is growing constantly. High Low Sales cyclicity Sports and exercising are daily activities across the year. High Low Sales seasonality. Sports and exercising are daily activities across the year. High Profit level With the benefit of economic of scales and mass production, the profit level is high for Pocari Sweat. High Low Profit variability Sports and exercising are daily activities across the year. High Product Life Cycle Stage Reasons Maturity There are lots of competitors in the Sports and Energy Drinks market. The pricing of the Sports and Energy Drinks is stable among this few years, ranged from $9. 5 – 13. 9, which means that the price is at the edge related to the material costs. (Appendix Table 7) Also, the volume growth of category is about 5. 4% in each year from 2007-2012, which is low to moderate growth of the market. The forecast volume growth of the category has 5% which is quite considerable. Level of competitions Product Form Sports Drinks: Pocari Sweat, Aquarius, Lucozade Sport, Gatorade, Drinkazine Energy Watt and other related â€Å"ion supply drinks† Product Category Sports and Energy Drinks: Including the energy drinks, such as Lucozade Energy, Monster Energy, Red Bull, Libogen Tonic Drink Generic Competition Beverages: Carbonated soft drinks, bottled water, beers, juices, etc. Budget Competition All consumer products with similar price. Current Future Company Strategy Matrix on Sports Drinks Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. , Ltd GlaxoSmithKline Coca-Cola Company Objectives Grow market share and volume Grow market share and volume Grow market share and volume Current Strategies Advertising and promotion of products. Products expanding in multiple segments of category. Products launching and increased advertising spend. Expected future strategies Focus on product development, increased advertising and promotions. Focus on brand extensions with new flavours to fill category. Focus on raising brand awareness through local sports events.

Strains on Partnership Arrangements in Business :: Business Ownership

a. Collaboration's importance to partners—One partner may give more management attention to a collaborative arrangement than the other does. a. If things go wrong, the active partner blames the less-active partner for its lack of attention, and the less-active partner blames the more active partner for making poor decisions. The difference in attention may be due to the different sizes of partners. b. Differing objectives—Although companies enter into collaborative arrangements because they have complementary capabilities, their objectives may evolve differently over time. For instance, one partner may want to reinvest earnings for growth and the other may want to receive dividends. One partner may want to expand the product line and sales territory, and the other may see this as competition with its wholly owned operations. A partner may wish to sell or buy from the venture, and the other partner may disagree with the prices. c. Control problems—By sharing the assets with another company, one company may lose some control of the extent or quality of the assets' use. When no single company has control of a collaborative arrangement, the operation may lack direction. Studies show that when two or more partners attempt to share in an operation's management, failure is much more likely than when one partner dominates. However, the dominating partner must consider the other company's interests. For this reason, studies also show that joint ventures with an even split in ownership are likely to succeed because the financial ownership ensures that management will consider both partners' interests. d. Partners' contributions and appropriations—One partner's capability of contributing technology, capital, or some other asset may diminish compared to its partner's capability over time. In almost all collaborative arrangements, there is a danger that one partner will use the other partner's contributed assets, enabling it to become a competitor. e. Differences in culture—Companies with different cultures differ in how they evaluate the success of their operations.

An Organizational Failure: Blockbuster Essay

1. Describe and discuss how the organization’s culture facilitated the failure. Philips (2011) believes that success or failure of any great company depends on â€Å"Events, internal and external† (p. 3). Blockbuster also appears to be a victim of certain events at internal as well as external level. Based in McKinney, Texas, Blockbuster and founded in 1985 (Blockbuster Corporate, 2012) and it ushered in a new era as far as video rental retail industry was concerned. The company gave birth to video rental places that had significant amount of movies under one roof (the first store had 8,000 movies) and were not associated with bad movies or bad neighborhoods (Greenberg, 2008). Initially, the company’s strategy was to expand aggressively and the leadership defined Blockbuster’s vision to become McDonald’s of the video rental business. Referring to the company leadership’s ambitious goals, Greenberg writes: The Blockbuster strategy was simple à ¢â‚¬â€œ pump as much money as possible into buying local and regional chains while keeping centralized control over the look and feel of the individual stores. By the VSDA convention the following year, Blockbuster had acquired two other chains and its more than 250 stores dotted the country. At the convention, Huizenga’s marketing executive Tom Gruber outlined vision for the future of the company, and it was expansive. Gruber had spent eighteen years working for McDonald’s before joining Blockbuster, and both he and Huizenga were explicit: Blockbuster wanted to be the McDonald’s of home video (the comparison was so deliberate that at one trade show presentation, huge photographs of Huizenga and McDonald’s leader Ray Kroc were projected side-by-side). (p. 128) So, Blockbuster came into being with a big bang and a unique presentation which was reflected in its slogan â€Å"Wow, What a difference† (Greenberg, 2008). In the beginning, the company even hired greeters who would welcome customers at each location’s entrance whereas the employees were provided with manuals about how to deal with customers. That was the beginning. The strategy and vision worked amazingly well. However, as the company travelled with fanfare down the road, it developed a culture that might have its roots in complacency. The obsession with expansion seemed to derail a process the leadership should have put in place. Rayburn (2009) recalls how Blockbuster’s culture became a liability for the company and ultimately led to its bankruptcy. In 1999, a company called Globix (Rayburn was representing it at that time) was trying to strike a deal with Blockbuster in order to deliver movies to customers online. However, Blockbuster decided to partner with Enron instead of Globix. Rayburn (2009) goes on to point out that though Blockbuster was discussing future developments in advance and contemplated â€Å"about a digital media strategy way before consumers wanted the service and the Internet was even able to support it, that foresight on their part never materialized into any real online video strategy over the next ten years† (para. 4). What surprises Rayburn (2009) is that there was no deal between Blockbuster and Enron as was announced in 2000. In his view, Blockbuster had a great chance to be in the driving seat and â€Å"should have been in the position Netflix is in today as they were the first movers in the market. Yet ten years later, the company still can’t seem to get their act together when it comes to digital media† (para. 5). Apparently, it took a bankruptcy to do the course correction as far as the company’s future direction is concerned. Blockbuster’s mission statement now takes into account today’s reality. It says (Retail Industry, 2012): Our corporate mission is to provide our customers with the most convenient access to media entertainment, including movie and game entertainment delivered through multiple distribution channels such as our stores, by-mail, vending and kiosks, online and at home. We believe Blockbuster offers customers a value-prices entertainment experience, combining the broad product depth of a specialty retailer with local neighborhood convenience. (Blockbuster’s Mission Statement) The timeline of the company’s existence shows the culture of inaction at the top level delayed changes for a very long time. The company introduced Blockbuster Total Access program aimed at online as well as in store renting as late as November 2006 (Blockbuster Corporate, 2012). On the other hand, Netflix started its journey in 1996 and introduced its subscription service in 1999 and by 2010 it had 20 million subscribers (Netflix, 2012). 2. Apply the appropriate learning disabilities and laws that describe this situation. Like other organizations that hit stumbling blocks, Blockbuster had its hurdles in the shape of certain learning disabilities. One such disability is what Professor Senge (2006) calls ‘the fixation on events’. He writes: Conversations in organizations are dominated by concern with events: last month’s sales, the new budget cuts, last quarter’s earnings, who just got promoted or fired, the new product our competitor just announced, the delay that just was announced in our new product, and so on. The media reinforces an emphasis on short-term events – after all, if it’s more than two days old it’s no longer â€Å"news.† (p. 21) Another learning disability Blockbuster may have fallen prey to is ‘the parable of the boiled frog’. Senge (2006) explains that â€Å"Maladaptation to gradually building threats to survival is so pervasive in systems studies of corporate failure that it has given rise to the parable† (p. 22). Blockbuster also seemed to pay attention to events and little focus on learning new things and look beyond the horizon. Plus, it remained complacent as the leader of video rental company until Netflix and RedBox surged ahead to the extent that Blockbuster had to file for bankruptcy. Levy (2010) also blames Blockbuster for not being proactive in learning and bringing the desired changes. He believes â€Å"Change management is not just a tool to deflect distracting maybe-we-should’s, but it’s also a way to handle legitimate we-need-to’s that were missed at the start or that are responses to a changing business environment† (para. 7). So, instead of take charge in a fast changing rental business, Blockbuster refused to budge from its brick-and-mortar edge. Gradually, that edge fell apart like house of cards because the leadership failed to set in motion certain processes that should have allowed Blockbuster to remain the leader of the video rental retail industry. Moreover, the company’s leadership had their eyes set on something else, too. Is there any reason to believe that Blockbuster once tried to purchase Circuit City in 2008? According to Farfan (2010) it did happen but Circuit City rejected the offer and later on Blockbuster withdrew its offer. â€Å"Just two years later, Circuit City is out of business, and Blockbuster is struggling to stay out of bankruptcy court itself. The combination of the two companies seems somewhat symbiotic today, in a sad like-attracts-like kind of way† (Farfan, 2010, para. 11). 3. Explain the elements of the organization’s culture that will lead to similar failures in the future. Lack of focus and clarity in the vision may bring problems for the company in the future as well. Similarly, overconfidence in having physical locations may overshadow the future planning once again. The leadership must look into the fact whether the video store locations in different parts of the country are a benefit or a disadvantage. It may be very difficult to let go those locations, but if it is the right thing to do keeping in view how consumers want movies and games then the company should get rid of those locations. Though the company has new management after it was taken over by Dish Network Corporation, the mission statement still attracts critics. Commenting on Blockbuster’s future, Levy (2010) argues that the company’s mission statement has competing priorities. He points out: This muddled vision (officially the corporate mission statement) provides no clear guidance against which various corporate managers can test their ideas and initiatives. Drop prices? It’s in there. Raise them to cover our depth? It’s in there. Compete with Netflix? It’s in there. Have brick-and-mortar high-monthly-nut locations? It’s in there. Make money? Oops, that’s not in there. (para. 6) The new leadership at the company seems to recognize the reality and wants to let investors and other stakeholders know that it is evolving as the media entertainment industry is transforming. â€Å"While transforming and diversifying its store-base continues as a company priority, BLOCKBUSTER now offers convenient access to media entertainment anywhere and any way consumers want it – whether in stores, by mail or digital download† (Blockbuster Corporate, 2012). 4. Recommend specific actions the organization can take to prevent future failures from occurring. First of all, it should keep an eye on technological advancements that are happening at a very fast speed. It will allow the company to feel the pulse of what is going on and what might occur down the lane. The company should hire a chief learning officer in order to make learning an integral part of the organizational culture. At the same time, by developing a culture of learning will help the company adjust to changes and challenges that may be thrown at it. As Philips (2011) mentioned in his book, Blockbuster has to make sure events taking place within the organization and outside the organization should not come as surprises. He advises that learning and changing at a required pace is necessary for organizations. Moreover, if the company believes physical locations still make the company a leader it should build a unique culture of customer service so that people crave for Blockbuster visits. Philip (2011) reminds policy makers that â€Å"Just as history is not made by great men alone, so companies and countries don’t go bust just because one or two people chase the dream too hard. They need a support staff† (p. 59). Since Dish Network has its own subscribers, it should attempt to attract additional customers through combinations of Blockbuster-Dish Network offerings. Similarly, the company should not underestimate other companies just because they are startups. Actually, there may be reasons to learn from new business models in the industry. Woloszynowicz (2010) informs his readers that Netflix was not a success in the beginning as its IPO dropped from $15 per share to $6 per share after it was launched. On the other hand Blockbuster leadership interpreted slide in Netflix’s share as a failure and thought the company is not going to make any difference in the industry. References Blockbuster Corporate. (2012). Company Overview. Retrieved January 17, 2012, from http://blockbuster.mwnewsroom.com/Company-Overview Greenberg, J. M. (2008). From BetaMax to Blockbuster: Video stores and the invention of movies on video. Boston, MA: MIT Press. Levy, S. B. (2010, September). Blockbuster Goes Bust – Outfoxed by Redbox, Licked by Netflix. Retrieved January 17, 2012, from http://lexician.com/lexblog/2010/09/blockbuster-goes-bust-outfoxed-by-redbox-licked-by-netflix/ Netflix. (2012). A brief history of the company that revolutionized watching of movies and TV shows. Retrieved January 17, 2012, from https://signup.netflix.com/MediaCenter/ Timeline Phillips, T. (2011). Fit to bust: How great companies fail. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page. Rayburn, D. (2009, July 16). Ten Years Later, Blockbuster Still Lacks A Digital Media Strategy (BBI). Retrieved January 17, 2012, from http://blog.streamingmedia.com/the_business_ of_online_vi/2009/07/tens-years-later-blockbuster-still-lacks-a-digital-media-strategy.html Senge, P. M. (2006). The fifth discipline: The art and

Ethnicity and the Immigrant Experience

Ethnicity and the Immigrant Experience When thinking about immigration, most individuals imagine all different types of ethnic groups traveling to a separate land away from their own. Most imagine America. Immigration, throughout history, has occurred within all types of ethnicities. When taking a closer look at the individuals living in America, it is apparent that everyone is not exactly like one another. Assimilation becomes a popular word used when discussing migration, and both positives and negatives come along with it.Two theorists that discuss the meaning of assimilation in their writings are Stephen Steinberg in his book, Ethnic Myth, and Milton Gordon in his book Assimilation in American Life. They discuss issues regarding assimilation and how they affect the nation as a whole. A novel written by Chang-Rae Lee titled, Native Speaker, gives specific examples as to how the assimilation process affects others and the migrants themselves, as also described in both Steinberg and Gordon’s books.In Steinberg’s book, Ethnic Myth, he discusses with his readers the issues regarding ethnic identity and assimilation. This is presented and explained in the chapter titled, The Atrophy of Ethnic Cultures. He first talks about the idea of the â€Å"melting pot† and how it should not be analyzed lightly. He gives a quote from John Higham that says, â€Å"Loud assertions of pluralism almost invariably betray fears of assimilation† (Steinberg, 59). This means that minority groups that try to maintain their cultural traditions may, in fact, risk assimilation by doing so.Another point he brings to the surface is that when looking back at second or third generations of a specific minority group, these people still can relate back to their original traditions and culture identity. He then says, â€Å"But can the same be said of the new generation which has known only the Americanized version of the original culture? † (Steinberg, 60). This is an obvious prevailing issue when it comes to preserving ones culture.An example within the novel, Native Speaker, would be when Henry, the main character described as a Korean immigrant, explains the history with his father. His father, living in America, would gather with friends and participate in ggeh’s, or â€Å"money clubs. † Here they would win money and eventually, that is all that mattered to the Korean group. The shift from typical Korean traditions to owning all this land and money in American became a vast transformation. Henry says about his father, â€Å"In America, he said, it’s even hard to stay Korean. These alterations from one ethnic experience and tradition to another can be lost very quickly and potentially never be replenished. Throughout both Steinberg and Gordon’s writing, they both have similarities and differences when regarding assimilation. Gordon talks about these â€Å"ethnic meetings† which refer to assimilation. Throughout Gordon’s chapter titled, The Nature of Assimilation, he gives a numerous amount of definitions from theorists and writers that differ in various ways.In an essay that Gordon leaves the author anonymous in this chapter defines assimilation as â€Å"the process by which different cultures, or individuals or groups representing different cultures, are merged into a homogenous unit. Here Gordon talks about assimilation as positive, whereas Steinberg takes a different approach. Steinberg suggests that assimilation is not always a positive aspect simply because it can result in the loss of a cultural identity. This is present in Native Speaker because Henry continuously tries indulging himself into American culture.He cannot fully accomplish this, which essentially results in his wife, Lelia, leaving him in the beginning of the novel. As there are differences within Steinberg and Gordon’s readings, they do agree upon their understanding of the nature within assim ilation. Gordon says that cultural behavior changes â€Å"may take place in the cultures of either one of the two groups, or there may be a reciprocal influence whereby the cultures of both groups are modified† (Gordon, 62).Steinberg agrees with this statement because he suggests that the changing of one’s culture is at high risk when incorporated into a different culture. He says, â€Å"The ethnic crisis only begins with the fact that the core elements of traditional culture have been modified, diluted, compromised, and finally relinquished† (Steinberg, 62). Both writers describe this lack of identity in one way or another. Assimilation is apparent in any society, especially America. People of different backgrounds continuously trying to come together to create one nation is a crucial aspect in society today.Steinberg, Gordon, and Lee all discuss how assimilation has issues when it comes to preserving ones ethnic traditions and identity. What they all convey to readers however, is the fact that the merging of cultures will forever be essential and inevitable. Works Cited Steinberg, Steven. The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America. Boston: Beacon Press, 1978. Print. Lee, Chang-Rae. Native Speaker. New York: Riverhead Books, 1995. Print. Gordon, Milton. The Nature of Assimilation. Oxford University Press, 1964. eBook.

Codes of Conduct essays

Codes of Conduct essays Codes of conduct have defined civilization for thousands of years. The early civilizations of the Mesopotamia established rough guidelines for how people were to live their livesthey included prohibitions, regulations, and even penalties for violations. The Babylonians established written law. The Code of Hammurabi set parameters based upon ethic and moral sentiments of the people. Hundreds of years later, the English social philosopher John Locke espoused the idea of the "social contract." Members of a state relinquished some of their rights for the protection of the "whole." In turn, they were subjecting themselves to the written laws (including the punishments) of the state. If there has been one common trend regarding codes of laws throughout the centuries of civilization, it has been the similarity between moral and ethical sentiments of society, and the written law (Fort, 2001). Traditionally, what people have found to be unethical actions have been prohibited (directly or indirectly) by the codes of conduct (Fort, 2001). Also worth noting is the fact that much of what was deemed unethical by early civilizations is similarly viewed today. Thus, codes of conduct have remained relatively the same throughout the history of the world. The most prominent codes deal with what a civilization defines as "criminal activity." Criminal activity can include bodily harm, sabotage, and arson. Almost every code of conduct has included a law against robbery. In his book, "The Logic of the Law," Gordon Tullock writes, "Perhaps the easiest way to make a living, and certainly one of the oldest, is to take another's property" (Tullock, 1987). Tullock goes on to emphasize the prevalence of robbery (and its many forms), and efforts by civilizations to deter it (Tullock, 1987). Here in the United States, we have various laws (varying by state) addressin...

What to Do If You Miss Your Pet in College

What to Do If You Miss Your Pet in College When you thought of your life in college, you likely thought of all the great things youd experience: interesting classes, engaging people, exciting social life, your first real taste of freedom from your parents. You may not, however, have thought about all the things youd miss from your pre-college days: homecooked meals, the feel of your own bed, the constant presence of your beloved pet. While it may not be a frequent topic of conversation, its surprisingly common for students to seriously miss their pets back at home. After all, your pet was a steadfast companion who, while possibly sometimes annoying, was also incredibly endearing. You may even be feeling guilty about leaving your pet behind, knowing that they dont understand why you left or where you went or when youll be back. Dont worry, though; there are a few things you can do to make the transition easier for both of you. Dont Be Embarrassed There are many things you probably miss about the life you left behind; the things that mattered most to you are likely the things that tug most at your heartstrings while youre away at school. Youd have to be pretty stone-cold to not miss a pet who has been a big part of your family, and your life in particular, for quite some time. Wouldnt it be strange, after all, if you didnt miss your pet and could just leave them one day without feeling a little sad or guilty about it? Dont sell yourself short by feeling embarrassed or ridiculous. Your pet very well may have been a big part of your life and its perfectly reasonable to miss him or her. Video Chat See if you can say hello! during a Skype or video chat session. Will it freak your pet out? Probably, but it might also make them ridiculously excited. Just like phone calls home can be recharging and comforting during challenging times, seeing your pet might just give you the little boost youve been needing. You can see their silly face and know that theyre just fine. Get Updates Ask your parents or other family members to update you about your pet when you talk. Its not unreasonable to ask that your mom, dad, siblings, or anyone else let you know how your pet back home is doing. After all, if another family member were ill or, conversely, had something hilarious happen to them, youd want to know, right? So ask your parents to keep you updated about all the ridiculous thing your pet has been doing in your absence. Its not dorky to ask about someone or something you care about and it will do your heart and mind some good. Bring Your Pet to Campus See if you can bring your pet to campus for a day. If, for example, your campus allows dogs on leashes, see if your parents can bring your dog up the next time they come for a visit. As long as you follow the rules, you should be able to enjoy some time with your pet while also getting to see them explore and experience your new home-away-from-home. Additionally, your pet will likely get a lot of love from your fellow students. Pets on campus are usually pretty rare, so everyone seems to flock to friendly dogs whenever they happen to be around. If youre really struggling, look into how you can make your pet a part of your college life. For some people, having animal companionship is an important factor in their emotional and mental health. For others, its just something that they truly enjoy and that makes them happy. If not having your pet around is a seemingly overwhelming challenge, consider exploring your options: Can you transfer to a pet-friendly college?Can you live off-campus in a place where pets are allowed?Can you do some volunteer work at a pet shelter or rescue program where you can get interaction with animals on a consistent basis? Keep your options open so that not having a pet during your time in school becomes an easy problem to fix instead of an insurmountable issue to overcome.

Laws of Supply and Demand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Laws of Supply and Demand - Essay Example In pricing a product, it would seem simple enough to calculate the costs and add a profit margin. However, "While costs form the basis for pricing decisions, they are only a starting point, with market conditions and other factors usually determining the most profitable price" (Gale, Cengage Learning, 2007, p.262). The laws of supply and demand and their associated curves are the instruments that economists employ to determine a price that will maximize profit. An important factor that impacts the law of supply and demand is that the law is reactive to the market. As was illustrated in the Atlantis apartments, raising prices would increase the revenue, but at some level, the demand would drop. Likewise, if the prices rose and suppliers built more apartments the supply would reach saturation and there would be a surplus of units. The demand and supply would react to the market forces, rather than dictating the price. This reaction to the market is the search for equilibrium, which is the point that demand equals the supply. In a perfectly competitive free market, all the units at Atlantis would find renters that are willing to pay the maximum price that the owners could ask. Raising the price and people would move out while lowering the price would still result in the desired occupancy but at a lower revenue. The change in supply and demand differs from the shift in supply and demand. A change in demand may come about as a result of the change in price, where a lower price raises demand. However, increasing the potential customer base would shift the demand. More customers would mean more people would be willing to pay higher rent. Likewise, if an alternative product were introduced, such as the short-term lease, it would shift the supply curve. When the supply or demand curves shift, the equilibrium point changes with it. According to Colander (2007), "The firm plays the same role in the theory of supply that the individual does in the theory of demand.