A Research On Anxiety And Phobias - 1530 Words

Anxiety and phobias can be induced via mechanisms involving a variety of stimuli. Fear-inducing stimuli can trigger the formation of fear memories via classical conditioning that can be reconsolidated if the reminder of the stimuli or the specific fear-associated stimulus itself is present. Recently, as well as over years of research, efforts have been made to understand the manner in which the fear memory pathways are consolidated and paved with the goal of learning how to inhibit or undermine the reconsolidation of such pathways. Knowledge obtained through experimentation involving a noradrenergic beta-blocker, propranolol HCl, has demonstrated that this pharmacological antagonist acting against beta-adrenergic receptors present in the amygdala can disrupt the fear memory pathway. Although this information has been helpful in understanding the circuitry of fear memories and the role of inhibition in such pathways, it has also led to more questions pertaining to clinical applicatio ns of drugs such as propranolol HCl. In fact, Marieke Soeter and Merel Kindt sought to understand the role of propranolol HCl in impeding the reconsolidation of fear memories in a group of spider phobic women in a recent study. Throughout this analysis, the purpose, research methods, results, conclusions, potential problems, and future directions of this study will be considered. To begin, production of the study required knowledge of fear memory and its role in the brain. As with any memory,Show MoreRelatedDoes Major Depressive Disorder in Parents Predict Specific Fears and Phobias in Offspring? 1208 Words   |  5 Pagesanalyze this research article which tries to answer if major depressive disorders in parents lead to specific fears and phobias in offspring, because I like psychology and I wanted an article that was related some way to this interest. Before this research two studies were conducted that reported an increased risk of phobias in offspring of parents with major depressive disorder (MDD) when compared to children of normal parents. These findings suggested a connection between phobias and depressionRead MorePhobias, By Richard Kasschau Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagessuffered from agoraphobia. Phobias are not something I have experience with, but after hearing this story, I was curious and did some research. I found several interesting articles about phobias that explained what a phobia is, unique examples, as well as causes. Let s start by defining the term phobia and citing some examples, hopefully none of you are phobophobic, or afraid of phobias. The goal of my first main point is to familiarize everyone will the concept of a phobia, as well as some examplesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Text Relaxing Your Fears Away 906 Words   |  4 Pagesto treat anxiety disorders. Systematic desensitization is a technique that is supposed to lower a person’s level of anxiety steadily. The reason he used this technique was to see if this technique actually worked using his prior ideas that two feelings or responses cannot occur at the same time. Wolpe focused on the phobias his patients had and proposed that when his patients were in a relaxed state, then they would not respond with fear when presented with something that gave them anxiety. In Wolpe’sRead MoreChildhood Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders1168 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle named ‘Psychometric Properties of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): A Replication Study’ researched by Boris Birmaher in 1999 was continuing to catch my eye. After hesitating my decision on selecting this empirical article, because some of the results were a little confusing, I thought to myself why not test my knowledge and inform my peers on this fascinating topic. The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (referred to as SCARED) is a childRead MoreBeing A Child Self Report Instrument Developed As A Screening Tool For Children957 Words   |  4 Pagesand deciding the empirical article named ‘Psychometric Properties of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): A Replication Study’ researched by Boris Birmaher in 1999 was a topic I wanted to further explore. SCARED is a child self-report instrument developed as a screening tool for children who have been diagnosed with anxiety disorders. Birmaher was aware that children who have anxiety disorders are often misdiagnosed due to the comorbidity of other psychiatric disordersRead MorePhobia Is An Irrational Fear1201 Words   |  5 PagesPhobia is a Greek word originated from Phobos which means fear. A phobia is an irrational fear of a specific object, activity or situation that results in a compelling desire to avid the dreaded object, activity or situation (1). Fear is sometimes a normal entity for example fear of sudden sight at snake or wild animal etc. However the fear in case of phobia is quite irrational. Even the person who is suffering from phobia of any kind understands that their phobia is rational, but still they areRead MoreEssay on Social Phobia Disorder1149 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Phobia Social phobia is a kind of disorder, which involves fear regarding societal situations and accomplishable destructive criticism. Social phobia is the greatest general psychiatric problem in epidemiological examination, with estimation of life time occurrence in western circle as more as 16%. Common phobia generally come out in adolescence and is associated with deep distress, destruction and comorbid problem. Females in clinical trials are higher possible than males to social anxietyRead MoreThe History, Causes and Effects, and Treatment of Phobias Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe History, Causes and Effects, and Treatment of Phobias Just imagine for a moment that you have a cynophobia or the fear of dogs, would this be how you would feel. Driving down the road the oil light comes on. I must stop the car to add more oil or I will damage the car engine. This looks like a good place to pull over. Ill just stop in front of this house. The oil is in the trunk, so Ill pop the top first, then get the oil out of the trunk. OK, I have the oil, but what if thereRead MoreAccording To The National Institute Of Mental Health, Social1315 Words   |  6 PagesHealth, social anxiety is a mental disorder with a lifetime prevalence of 12%. It is characterized by a persistent, intense and chronic fear of being scrutinized by others when engaging in, as well as a fear of, social interactions. In this form of anxiety, individuals are afraid of saying or doing something that will embarrass or humiliate them and have unrealistic appraisals of the negative consequences of social encounters. There are many factors that contribute to social anxiety such as sexualRead MoreSocial Anxiety Disorder And The Speech Of The Individual ( Asha )1527 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Anxiety Disorder is the most common psychological impact in people who stutter. Social anxiety disorder or social phobia is a disorder where a person feels anxiety related to social interactions. (Blumgart, Tran, Craig, 2010). Approximately 50% of people who stutter or more are known to have social anxiety disorder (Stein et al 1996). Social anxiety and phobia negatively impacts occupation, social situations, and mental health (Blumgart, Tran, Craig, 2010). People with social anxiety disorder

The Effects of Globalization on Public Relations Essay

Globalisation has resulted in public relation industries to struggle in cultivating culture in their practices as they are now constantly dealing with an intertwined global flow of people, technology, finance, ideas and images internationally (Appadurai, 1990) (Sriramesh, 2007). This has pushed them to sensitise the concept of public relations towards a more culturally inclined approach (Pal Dutta, 2008, 161). With its increased demand as a communicative tool to the public, the concept of public relations has shifted beyond its functional process which dominance the organisation’s interest to being a socio-cultural activity that positions public relation practitioners in the society (Edwards Hodges, 2011). Hence, public relations†¦show more content†¦As a carrier of traditions and transformations, understanding of culture is important as it is influential. Within this grey area, meaningful identities and relationships can be formed which is suggested as a necessity in public relations framework (Pal Dutta, 2008). Understanding culture also shapes a society to a certain extent (Hodges, 2006, 83). According to Wakefield (2010), culture has the ability in effecting the type of public relation activities carried out in a particular society or even country (Wakefield, 2010, 665). With this, public relations practitioners are commonly identified as â€Å"cultural agents† for their need to monitor the societal and cultural progressions in a society, community or country (Banks, 2000, 3). As a result of this shift, public relation practices are more interactive instead of passive. It looks beyond the functional process as they are now engaging with a more diverse audience. With the knowledge of anthropology, it enables practitioners to be more aware and attuned to the different cultural practices and values associated with a specific country. From here, practitioners would gain the advantage of foreseeing the organisation’s culture traits and practices. This will enable them to plan the public relation activity that best suits the organisation. For instance in Brazil, it is expected for ladies to have well-manicured nails for businessShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And The Speed Of Globalization1726 Words   |  7 PagesThere has been acceleration in the speed of globalization in current years. Its scope has too widened past the realm of economies to involve the domains of cultural, political and social practices and norms. This powerful shove has been connected with far-reaching cost for economic well-being, political processes and social structures in countries across the world. The diverse parts of the entire world have actually become so co-dependent in so many respects that it is not possible any longer toRead MoreHow Globalization Affects Developing Countries?1504 Words   |  7 PagesHow Globalization Affects Developed Countries The phenomenon of globalization began in a primitive form when humans first settled into different areas of the world; however, it has shown a rather steady and rapid progress in the recent times and has become an international dynamic which, due to technological advancements, has increased in speed and scale, so that countries in all five continents have been affected and engaged. What Is Globalization? Globalization is defined as a process which, basedRead MoreThe Politics Of The Global Essay998 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical economy happens and an understanding of globalization. Globalization is frequently analyzed independently and the author shows how globalization plays out in two multi-cultural democracies; India and USA. It portrays different political possibilities like colonial coercion, post-colonial ambivalence and post-colonial co-option that are opened by global relays of meanings, identities and power from historically different locations. Globalization also explores a variety of spaces and strategiesRead MoreThe Role Of Power In International Communication1391 Words   |  6 Pagesand transforming the structure of power distribution in the society. Considering how a significant part of power and influence belongs to the government, the media clearly has an important role in shaping the affairs of politics and international relations. This situation can be explained from various perspective. First, international communication contributes to one’s knowledge, perceptions, and opinions of the world. Second, international communication has always been affected and managed by propagandaRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Socio Economy1701 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization and its Impact on Socio-Economy in India Dr. Mahendra Singh Associate Professor Department of Sociology Madhav University, Pindwara (Rajasthan) Abstract: Globalization was adopted by Indian Government during 1990-91 when Indian Economy was in a very bad shape. It was, however, adopted not as a solution to deteriorating Indian economy but to enable itself to get further foreign exchange loans from World Bank as its foreign exchange reserves were reduced to mere 3 weeks outflow. ToRead MoreNike Positive And Negative Effects Of Globalization1367 Words   |  6 PagesThe Promises and Perils of the Globalization of Nike Globalization involves global interaction and cooperation between individuals, corporations, countries and their governments. As demand for products grows and the technology it takes to improve the process by which products can be manufactured more cheaply grows, globalization grows as well. It is supported by advancements in technology. These changes can have both short-term and lasting effects on issues surrounding economics, politics, the environmentRead More The Disadvantages of Globalization1567 Words   |  7 Pages Globalization is a term that is difficult to define, as it covers many broad topics in the global arena. However, it can typically be attributed to the advancement of economic, social, and cultural interactions among the companies, citizens, organizations, and governments of nations; globalization also focuses on the interactions and integration of countries (The Levin Institute 2012). Many in the Western world promote globalization as a positive concept that allow s growth and participation in aRead MoreThe Conflict Between the Ukraine and Russia Essay1614 Words   |  7 Pagesand territorially close to Russia, thereby, tying the Ukraine to Russia. Current Situation: Globalization: Globalization is defined as â€Å"the historical process involving a fundamental shift or transformation in the spatial scale of human social organization that links distant communities and expands the reach of power relations across regions and continents (Baylis, 2014).† Globalization has effect the role of the state immensely; as the process of present’s challenges to state sovereignty andRead MoreThe United States : A World Leader And Its Responses Will Have Key Consequences1693 Words   |  7 Pagesoccurred outside of American borders. In response, there was no way for the nation to avoid becoming more globalized. Globalization came in the form of economic, social, and political pressure on the country. Some of these shifts in policy and world view were brought on by necessity such as the energy crisis of the 1970’s. Others were by choice of policymakers such as Cold War foreign relations and the response to 9/11 and invasion of Iraq. The United States will continue to face global challenges as a worldRead MoreCapitalism, Globalization and the Perpetuation of Women’s Oppression: a Vicious Cycle1138 Words   |  5 PagesCAPITALISM, GLOBALIZATION AND THE PERPETUATION OF WOMENS OPPRESSION: A VICIOUS CYCLE By Kelsey Lavoie NDYA, Provincial Youth Liason According to the World Bank, women make up 70% of the world’s poor and their wages world wide are on average 50% to 80% of men’s. One third of all households word wide are headed by women, they are responsible for half the world’s food production, and yet they own just one per cent of the world’s property. The majority of workers in sweatshops are women and the

Gifted Children free essay sample

For example, gifted child able to perform the highest grade of piano like those professional pianist even they never learn it before or just enter the first grade of the class. There is always a question about gifted children are either born in nature or nurture. Brigtte (2009) stated that gifted child is 2% of the population of 25 million of Malaysia population. The significant of gifted children always spotted while they are in early childhood, about four or five years old, which is on their learning stage or start their schooling. They always give a symptom in non-academic area such as playing piano, drawing, good memory and etc. Components of social relation always questionable about how it able to influence or produced potential gifted children. Some of the internal factors and external factors had been identified such as the internal factors included personal satisfaction and genuine interest (Laurie 2005); while external factors such as parental, peer relationship and school environment (Rimm 2012). Internal factors and external factors of social relation affect the potential of gifted children. For example, which factor would motivate the gifted children to learn? Would it self-interest or advises from family or peer influences? Following, which factors would bring negative or positive effect to the child? Malaysia had develop a conservative center for gifted children called PERMATApintar programme in University Kebangsaan Malaysia, which is collaboration with the Centre for Talented Youths, Johns Hopkins University in United States to give them a holistic education to nurture their innate abilities and talents (Sharifah 2012). It is important to conserve the gifted children to provide them a suitable education centre with among the same type of children. In our study, there are three major objectives. Objectives are determined by researchers based on the research question and problem: 1. To identify the external and internal factors of social relation affect the potential of gifted children 2. To examine the effect of external and internal factors of social relation on their potential. 3. To study the society perception on gifted children. 3. 0RESEARCH METHOD 3. 1 Introduction Methodology is a process of gathering information, recording and analyzing of data of the research. Method is a tool to prove the statement by collecting data in conducting a research. Our survey methodology involves several techniques and samplings to reach the objective of our study. Research method involve our study involve collecting primary and secondary date through interview, literature finding and questionnaire distribution to examine the variable and prove the accuracy of the problem statement, furthering implement solution for the proven problem. 3. 2 Research Philosophy As the nature of this study is to examine the phenomenon of gifted children in their natural environment the philosophy of conducting this research would be interpretivism. By definition: Interpretivism can be referred as the Social Constructionism in the field of management research. According to this philosophical approach research give importance to their beliefs and value to give adequate justification for a research problem (Easterby- Smith et al. 2006). With the help of this philosophical, researchers focus to highlight the real facts and figures according to the research problem. This kind of philosophical approach understand specific business situation. In this approach, researchers use small sample and evaluate them in detail to understand the views of large people (Kasi 2009) In fact, there might be many interpretation of reality about the factors affecting the potential of gifted children, but the concentration of this survey is to identify the factors of social relation affect the potential of gifted children, examine the effect of external and internal factors of social relation on their potential and study the society perception on them. To examine those effects, we should first identify the main factors that can affect the potential of gifted children. It can be divided to external and internal factors of social relation. Each external and internal group can be sub-divided to many sub factors After identification of relevant factors, the next step is examining the effect of those external and internal factors of social relation on gifted children potentials to have clear picture of effect of each factor on potentials. Studying the society perception on gifted children is a way to achieve the goal mentioned above. By interviewing selected people and preparing questionnaire, which will be explained further in data collection method, there would be an insight in this context. 3. 3Â   Research Framework Research framework for this research is conceptual framework as is linkage of research objectives with its research problem. Here the research framework is to identify the factors and its effects which will increase the potentiality of gifted children. Researchers understand the framework helps in identify the important factors which are the variables for the research and elaborate how each of the variables linked to the main problem and furthering implement an appropriate methods on the survey. Below is research framework Three objectives had Figure 3. 1 Research framework een identifying to study how to maximize the potentiality of gifted children. Both independent variables affect the performance of dependent variable whereby the relationship will be influence by moderating variable. It provides a guideline for researcher so that to avoid researcher collect to much data and create bias which lead to running out the topic in the research. In addition, research framework create and identify the nature relationship occur between the problem and the factors in leading to maximize the potential of gifted children. 3. 4 research approach pic] Figure 3. Research Model in Survey Research approach refers to the way in which research is conducted. To have an exhaustive look at all aspects of the concept, both qualitative and quantitative approach have been chosen for conducting this presented survey. Qualitative survey includes exploratory research design which provides information on the respondents’ opinion about the factors influencing gifted children potentials through interview. The interviewees should have adequate knowledge on the problem so that they can provide effective information. Quantitative survey includes descriptive research design which involves large samples and data collect in structured way (Malhorta, 2010). The primary data is collected through questionnaire analysis statistically. The questionnaire will provide close-end questions. The research model in figure 3. Describes the overall framework of our survey. This model identifies the internal and external factors of social relations affecting gifted children potential and the basic concept about the society perception we generated from sampling. So that to describe the reality in the social environment. The research model provided the concept we used to impose some sort of information about society perception to the real world. 3. 5 Research Design In this research, the collecting on secondary data from sources such as books, journal, article, online resources about the gifted children as to gain the insight of research so that research obtain an idea on examine the research question. Primary data included data collecting from interviewing the respondents to obtain their opinion about the factors which influence the potentiality gifted children. Target respondent must have knowledge about the problem that stated in the research so that to provide accurate answer and help in the research. Besides, the survey method by distribute questionnaire also part of the collecting data by providing close-end question by involving all the tested variables so that samples enables to answer and work with minimum interruption, especially internal disturbance such as anxiety and nervousness so that respondent able to provide quality information. Thus respondents may feel more relaxed and can be honest in delivering their responses. The variable include internal and external factors of social relation; effect of the component and perception of society toward the gifted children. After collecting the data, data will be discuss by using SPSS method to prove the relationship between the tested variable with the problem statement so that the further solution and implement can be distribute to solve the problem. Diagram below is the overall research design used in the research on the problem statement: 3. 6 The Overall Research Design Figure 3. 3 the overall research design . 7 phase one: Preliminary Qualitative Studies Qualitative method can be used if the problem has not been explored much in the literature. Methods for a qualitative approach are observation studies, participant observation, ethnographic studies, free-form interviews, case studies and historical studies. Qualitative approach is good for understanding social phenomena. Our preliminary qualitative study is consisting of group interview with responden ts who are able to provide beneficial information about gifted children. Interviewees are approached based on judgmental sampling whether they are able to provide their perception on gifted children and the social factors affecting their potentials. Three scopes of questions are delivered to our sample including the internal and external social factors, effect of these factors on the potential on the gifted children and their perception about this issue. In addition to judgmental sampling, convenient sampling had been implemented by interviewing friends and relatives familiar with this problem. The samples are accessible and easy to measure for our research. . 8 Phase two: Preliminary Quantitative Studies: The quantitative can be conducted to follow up the findings from qualitative. It relies on random sampling and structured data collection instruments that fit diverse experiences into predetermined response categories. They produce results that are easy to summarize, compare, and generalize. Methods for conducting a qualitative research are surveys, str uctured interviews, usage data analysis, Questionnaire, controlled experiment and platform/ISP data analysis. Quantitative is useful in determining relationships, effects and causes. It is concerned with testing hypotheses derived from theory and/or being able to estimate the size of a phenomenon of interest. Depending on the research question, participants may be randomly assigned to different treatments. If this is not feasible, the researcher may collect data on participant and situational characteristics in order to statistically control for their influence on the dependent, or outcome, variable. If the intent is to generalize from the research participants to a larger population, the researcher will employ probability sampling to select participants In quantitative part, according to the objectives; Sets of questions had been designed, hence by adding the demographic section, a questioner containing two sections was designed and distributed up to 60 respondents. They were in different walks of life, education level and occupation status. 3. 9 Data analyze The questionnaire is designed specifically to extract relevant information regarding the possible internal and external social factors that influence the respondent’s perception. The data gathered by questionnaire is analyzed by quantitative measures. Each item in the questionnaire is measured by its frequency with SPSS software. For further analyze they will be tabulated. For analyzing the result of our qualitative research design, which are the data collected from group interview we will have a discussion on them. By discussing on the results of group interview we will analyze them with qualitative measures. 3. 10 Research limitations Although the research was carefully prepared, there are still some sorts of limitations and shortcomings. First of all, the population of the experimental group is small, which makes it more inaccurate to generalize the findings. Second, since the questionnaire designed to examine the perception of people towards the gifted children it seems not to provide enough evidence on internal factors since there were no current access to friends and family members of real gifted children. In addition, since the assessment of the pretest and post test was conducted by the author, it is unavoidable that in this study, certain degree of subjectivity can be found.

Sugar Plum Bakery

Table of Contents Introduction Allergy Competition Macro Environment Conclusion Reference List Introduction Sugar Plum Bakery (SPB) is a bakery retail business established in Camarillo, California and targets regular and loyal customer with a passion for baked products. The company’s commitments are to provide delicious nut-free baked goods using high-quality ingredients at a reasonable cost to the consumer. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sugar Plum Bakery specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company’s management has also evaluated and taken into consideration consumers allergic to nuts. To deal with this situation, Sugar Plum Bakery plans to provide delectable homemade treats in a safe environment for consumers allergic to nuts. The company’s goals and objectives are to build a strong and counterproductive market position in Camarillo. This can be achieved by positively benefiting its people in business partnership and improved competitive climate in the area. Allergy Allergy is an abnormal reaction of one’s body after contamination with allergens by inhalation, ingestion, injection or skin contact. There has been much research on food allergy in general but not much on peanut allergy alone. Sugar plum bakery has evolutionary grown with the increased in demand of peanut by consumers globally. Scientist and health professions have defined a substance called allergen to be the primary course of allergy which contains proteins in the food we eat. Peanut allergy is common in children that vary from person to person according to ones immune system. Allergy health professionals have established clinic all over the world to help diagnose allergic patients. In some countries like the US, the Federal Food Allergen and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) require that all packaged food must be labeled specifying ingredients contained in the package (Masi, 1995, 78). A research has shown that food allergies are mostly coursed by the sensitivity of the peanut. Sugar Plum Bakery is determined to eliminate allergy problems to consumers at all cost. The cost of our company’s product will be affordable to all consumers with an equalized profit for the company’s management and development. Environmental management in Camarillo is in the interest of Sugar Plum Bakery. Furthermore, the health of Camarillo residents is our main concern in partnership with the local business men. Our products will be freely distributed to local businesses at a minimum cost. Our business is strategically located and readily accessible from all corners of Camarillo with enough space for expansion (Joshi, 2005, 39).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Competition Competitors are business rivals or one who is competing against the other. Sugar Plum Bakery bu siness has been on the increase due to demand in its products i.e. peanut. This has lead to competition between businesses entrepreneurs involved in Sugar Plum Bakery. However, the company has survived the competition and has been able to keep cat bay rigorous competitors. Sugar Plum Bakery is a competitive business in today’s market especially due to high consumption and demand of its product globally. The quality of a company’s product improves its demand by the consumers (Joshi, 2005, 34). A companies’ share do not necessary mean how a company is performing relative to its competitors. Any change in business field like in sales affects market and economic situation. Market share can be defined by the hike in demands and high sale of products leading to competitive profits in comparison with other competitors. Established customer distribution increases share distribution. Product matchup is the comparison of product from other companies for competition. Our company’s product will be of high quality to favor all consumers. Macro Environment A condition that exists in an economy that affects the company planning and performance, and is beyond its control. Business is sources of income that improves economic growth of any given country, city or society. Market is a place where buyers and seller make transaction directly or indirectly. Marketing has evolved over the year where transaction of good to good in old age to today’s computer technology. History has defined exchange of good and product since the creation of the world which intern due to human intelligence has been made easer whereby you can buy product from wherever you maybe just by a click of the button (Lenskold, 2003, 78). Companies all around the world have joined hands to improving the living standard of people. Sugar Plum Bakery products demand has extensively increased due to consumers. Products demand and retail supply, increase in import and marketing eff orts. Supermarket retailer continues to strive for lower labor and capital cost. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sugar Plum Bakery specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sugar Plum Bakery has large players who have continuously dominated the market but still small retail firms remain active. Small retail exists in the business trying their level best to compete with large volume firms (Keller, 2002, 67). Conclusion Sugar Plum Bakery (SPB) main target is the local people of Camarillo, the establishment of the company will create employment and improve the infrastructure, therefore leading to an improved economy in the area as noted by Clancy (2000,23).The company, further, has great potential for growth considering it is exploring many other avenues and coping with competition favorably. Reference List Clancy, Kevin. 2000. Counter Intuitive Marketing. London: Free Press. Joshi, Rakesh Mohan. 2005. International Market ing. New Delhi and New York: Oxford University Press. Keller, Kevin Lane. 2002. Strategic Brand Management. London: Prentice Hall. Lenskold, James. 2003. The Path to Campaign, Customer and Corporate Profitability. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Masi, Rachel. 1995. Organizational Culture, Distribution And Amount of Control, And Perceptions of Quality. New York: Prentice Hall.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Sugar Plum Bakery was written and submitted by user Valentin Rosario to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essays

Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essays Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essay Alcohol And Incarceration Impact On Child Care Social Work Essay This research examines the impact intoxicant or drug usage and captivity of a parent has on kids. This survey is of import to research the kids risk ensuing from holding a parent incarcerated or on intoxicant or drugs. America is face with a serious job that needs to be address. Many parents are in gaol because of drug usage. Many parents that are incarcerated are functioning clip. This could impact the kid in many ways. Children need their parent to steer them when times are difficult. Most of all we need parents as a society to put good illustration for their kids to follow. It is really of import for parents to be good function theoretical accounts. Parents can non be good function theoretical accounts mistreating drugs or intoxicant nor incarcerated. Who will be the health professional of kids of incarcerated parents? In most instances the grandparent takes attention of the kids of incarcerated parent. This is a battle for them besides because they can hardly take attention of th emselves because of income or illness. There are several plans that help at hazard kids such as: Child with Incarcerated Parents ( CHIPS ) plan, Child Welfare League of America, Vermont Programs and The Children at Risk Program ( CAR ) . Due to the war on drugs the captivity rate in America is at record high degrees, the condemnable justness system now touches the lives of 1000000s of kids each twelvemonth ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Parents who go to prison due to drug usage do non endure entirely, the kids besides suffer. Children frequently have jobs in: school, behavioural issues, adolescent gestation, or go intoxicant or drug maltreaters themselves. Parents who use drug or intoxicant influence their kids to prosecute in the usage of drugs and intoxicant. It is widely acknowledged that kids who parents use drugs face many challenges. Children of incarcerated parents that had abuse drugs are likely to ; prosecute in delinquent activities, bead out of school or be incarcerated themselves. Children affected by parents being incarcerated experience challenges keeping uninterrupted household relationships because of alterations in health professionals, separation from siblings, and limited contact with parent. Through research more than half of the 1.4 million grownups incarcerated in province and federal prisons are parents of minor kids ( Mumola, 2000 ) . The bulk of parents are functioning clip for either violent discourtesies ( 46 % of male parents and 26 % of female parents ) or drug discourtesies ( 23 % of male parents and 35 % of female parents ) ( Mumola, 2000 ) . A important figure of incarcerated parents struggle with substance maltreatment. In most instances the female parent is the primary health professional, in a individual parent place. There is a dramatic impact on kids when their female parent is incarcerated versus their male parent. Who is taking attention of your kid while you serve clip? When parents are incarcerated, the grandparents usually take the function of health professional. The range of this survey is to place that parental substance maltreatment can hold negative effects on kids. Many surveies have suggested that parental separation due to imprisonment, intoxicant and/or substance maltreatment had profound effects on kids ( The Osborne Association, 1992 ) . The immediate effects included feeling of shame, societal stigma, loss of fiscal support, weakened ties to the parent, and alterations in household composing, hapless school public presentation, increased delinquency, and increased hazard of maltreatment or disregard ( The Osborne Association, 1992 ) . Surveies have besides linked juvenile delinquency to alcohol and drug use by teens or their parents ( Okrentowich, 2007 ) . Harmonizing to Parsons ( 2003 ) , one out of four households in America suffers with drug or intoxicant related jobs. Through research it has been discovered that domestic force witnessed by kids can hold long-run negative effects ( Okrentowich, 2007 ) . Parental captivity and related enduring injury, separation, and unequal attention interfere with kid development, ensuing in negative long-run results, including intergenerational captivity ( Block, Margaret, Potthast, 2001 ) . Aim The intent of this survey is to foreground the concerns about: safety, well-being, and wellness of kids of incarcerated parent, and provide ways in which: societal workers, kid public assistance, mental wellness, condemnable justness, baby and kid development and policymakers can join forces to run into the demands of kids and their households. Harmonizing to Simmons ( 2000 ) , the constabulary and tribunals do non on a regular basis inquire at the clip of apprehension or condemning whether a captive has kids. The kids of the incarcerated tend to be ignored by the condemnable justness and societal service systems ( Simmons, 2000 ) . Significance The significance of this survey to the field of condemnable justness is to better understand the incarcerated population and its impact on the kids of the incarcerated. Determine the sorts of hazard factors ensuing from holding a parent incarcerated, and determine when the authorities should step in for the intent of the kid good being. Statement of the job The hypothesis for this survey is that there is a relationship between parental drug usage and their kids utilizing drugs. There is besides a relationship between kids utilizing drugs and neglecting classs. Parents who use drugs act upon their teens to make the same thing ensuing in captivity. Separation from parents can do several jobs with kids such as: feeling wantonness, sad or angry, it could besides take to eating or kiping upsets, lower grads, and behavior jobs. Children that are ages seven to ten old ages of age may hold lay waste toing effects socially such as: acquiring entirely with other and holding aggressive behaviour with kids. Children of captive s ages 11-14 have informants their parents take part in offense, apprehension or captivity. Some childs are affected by the absence of a parent, but many kids can non accommodate with their parent absence ensuing in behavioural jobs. Harmonizing to Dr. Elizabeth Dunn and J. Gordon, Late adolescence is the period over which kids develop a cohesive individuality, the ability to prosecute in grownup work and relationships, and the capacity to go independent and self sufficient. Literature Review Life for households during captivity is complicated by the fact that these are non typically traditional household constellations ( Mumola, 2000 ) . A survey of incarcerated male parents found that half of the population had kids with multiple adult females and were hence non populating with all of their kids ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Many of these kids were populating with health professionals other than their parents before the captivity of their female parent or male parent. Several surveies have found that anyplace from 26 to 44 per centum of kids of incarcerated female parents were populating with a health professional other than their female parent before the female parent s captivity ( Johnston 2001 ) . This is besides true among adult females who have been incarcerated more than one time ( Mumola, 2000 ) . A study done by the U.S. Department of Justice, less than half of parents in province prison reported populating with their kids before admittance ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Research reve als that less than one in five of these households had both parents populating with their kids before captivity ( Mumola, 2000 ) . This is really distressing happening with of import deductions for how these households function both during and following a period of parental captivity ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Captivity of a parent in prison can be called a household crisis. In America, an estimated 200, 000 kids in the U.S. have an imprisoned female parent and 1.6 million imprison male parent ( Seymour, 2001 ) . The increasing figure of kids of incarcerated parents has affected the kid public assistance system significantly. Harmonizing to Seymour ( 2001 ) , the kids in the kid public assistance system whose parents are incarcerated have similar jobs that the remainder of the kid public assistance population households suffer from such as: poorness, domestic force, substance maltreatment, and several other jobs, they frequently remain in the kid public assistance system longer and see poorer results than other kids ( U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1999 ) . These childs have multiple demands that are disputing to turn to ( Child Welfare, 2001 ) . Effectss on Childs Leading by illustration is really of import when raising kids. Children watch everything their parents do. They frequently want to be merely like their parents. It is of import for parents to put good illustration for their kids. If parents who drink or use drugs, opportunities are your kid will make the same. Harmonizing to Markel, MD, PhD ( 2005 ) , the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse ( CASA ) at Columbia University found that parents who use illegal drugs, maltreatment intoxicant, and utilize baccy put 50 % of the state s kids more than 35 million of them at increased hazard of substance maltreatment and of physical and mental unwellness. We know that kids whose parents have been incarcerated experience a scope of negative results. It is hard, nevertheless, to find whether those effects are a direct consequence of a parent being in prison or the nature of household life in the family. For illustration, a few surveies have found that kids of incarcerated parents are more likely to exhibit low self-pride, depression, emotional backdown from household and household, and inappropriate or riotous behaviour at place and in school ( Henriques, 1982 ) . Some grounds suggests that kids of incarcerated parents are at high hazard for future delinquency and/or condemnable behaviour ( Johnston 1995 ) . The impact of parental captivity on kids can be related to a figure of conditions such as: the offense and apprehension that preceded captivity, or general instability, poorness, and unequal attention at place. Furthermore, the grade to which a kid is affected by a parent s captivity may be determined by a figure of variables, inclu ding the age at which the kid is separated from his or her parent, the length of the separation, the degree of break, the figure and consequence of old separation experiences, and the handiness of household or community support ( Seymour, 2001 ) . Few surveies have straight examined the lives and results for kids of incarcerated parents. In fact, most surveies have been methodologically limited in that they looked at merely a little sample or used unequal comparing groups, hence doing it hard to organize generalisations ( Seymour 2001 ) . There have been no longitudinal surveies following kids from a parent s captivity through release. The effects on kids have been often compared to the experiences of kids covering with divorce, forsaking or the decease of a parent. Children of captives frequently report depression, choler, concentration jobs, fright, sleep troubles, guilt and flashbacks, symptoms associated with post-traumatic emphasis upset. Fewer than half of the parents in province prison reported that they had been populating with their kids prior to captivity ( Seymour, 2001 ) . One-third of incarcerated female parents indicated that they had been populating entirely with their kids in the month prior to captivity ( Seymour, 2001. Eighty per centum of captives reported that their kid was populating with the kid s other parent during their captivity, while 20 per centum cited a grandparent as health professional ( Seymour, 2001 ) . Forty per centum of male parents and 60 per centum of female parents reported that they had at least some sort of hebdomadal contact ( telephone, letters, and personal visits ) with their kids ( Seymour, 2001 ) . A figure of kids are present at the clip of their parent s apprehension. Without that parent, kids mourn ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Some mourn the loss of the parent that was available to care for them ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Others mourn the loss of what could hold been ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . In some instances the kid is relieve their parent has been arrested because they are no longer able to ache themselves or others, and perchance they can alter during their captivity ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . In other instances when kids are present at the apprehension of their parent, the loss of separation can be compounded by impotence, and force ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . In some instances, the kid may see police indifference or ferociousness ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Many kids of incarcerated parents exhibit symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder and Attachment Disorders ( AdalistEstri n, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Social Stigma Children experience the stigma of holding a parent in prison. For most kids, the stigma of losing a parent to prison is felt in their vicinity, among their equals, and from their instructors and household members frequently ensuing in feeling shame and low self- regard. For other kids who come from vicinities or households where captivity is a more common event, the stigma may be less intense but the demands are non ( Gaudin and Sutphen 1993 ) . Unfortunately, schools and communities do non offer specific plans to assist these kids cope with the loss of a parent to prison. Injury Trauma diverts kids s energy from developmental undertakings ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Children in stable environments use their emotional energy to get the hang assorted age specific developmental undertakings ( Mumola, 2000 ) . However, if kids s life fortunes overwhelm their capacity to get by, emotional endurance begins to take precedency over developmental undertakings, ensuing in delayed development, arrested development, or other maladaptive header schemes ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Children find it really hard to get by in state of affairss characterized by uncertainness ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Children with a parent in prison frequently worry about instability and uncertainness as inquiries about their continued attention are being sorted out ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Some health professionals keep information from kids to protect them, nevertheless this lone make the kid feel emphasis and unsure ( Mumola, 2000 ) . Education Child from substance or intoxicant maltreatment and incarcerated households are more likely to hold larning disablements: repetition more classs, attend more schools and more likely to be awol, delinquent and drop out of school because of gestation, ejection or institutionalized. Children whose parents drink excessively much or utilize other drugs may: be tired because of place events and unable to concentrate in school or other activities, witness physical or emotional maltreatment between household members, or see it themselves, be loath to convey friends place due to embarrassment about the addicted parent s behaviour and unable to concentrate on prep because of combat, tenseness or concern at place. Health professional Who is responsible for your kid when you are incarcerated? Harmonizing to informations from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, the primary health professionals who have been arrested have higher degrees of: substance maltreatment, domestic force, and utmost poorness, families with never-arrested health professionals have less of these symptoms ( Dettlaff, Phillip, 2009 ) . Children of arrested and neer arrested health professionals have comparable degrees of clinically important emotional and behavioural jobs, but these jobs are more prevailing in both groups that are typical for kids in the general population ( Dettlaff, Phillip, 2009 ) . The function parents play in their kids s development and the possible impact of a parent-child separation due to captivity besides highlight the demand for societal service bureaus to happen ways to assist households remain in touch during captivity and reunite upon release, where appropriate. One research worker has concluded that trial can be good for kids seeking to get by with the loss of a parent to prison ( Johnston, 1995 ) . One of the most immediate alterations experienced by the household of an incarcerated parent is a alteration in household composing and life agreements. Most kids are non present at the clip of their parent s apprehension, and parents typically do non state the constabulary that they have minor kids ( American Bar Association 1993 ) . As a consequence, many kids are informally placed with other household members and do non come in the Foster attention system following the apprehension of a parent. However, arrangement of a kid varies depending on whether the male parent or female parent is arrested and incarcerated. Children of incarcerated male parents typically reside with their female parents ( 90 per centum ) , while kids of incarcerated female parents are frequently placed with other household members ( 79 per centum ) ( Mumola 2000 ) . Children are more likely to be plac ed in surrogate attention ( 10 per centum ) if their female parent is sentenced to prison than if their male parent is incarcerated ( 2 per centum ) . The allotment of kid attention duties before captivity influences how much the captivity affects these agreements during the prison term. Although incarcerated male parents are less likely to hold been populating with at least one of their kids before imprisonment, these male parents are however involved in their kids s lives to some extent. These male parents besides provided regular fiscal support and/or on a regular basis visited their kids even though they did non populate with them. Yet, because a female parent is typically the primary health professional for her kid, her imprisonment will probably hold a greater consequence on household construction and operation. Trial Keeping relationships between parent and kid during a period of captivity can be hard. There are several barriers kids of captivity parent have to digest such as: inconvenient visiting hours, uncomfortable or mortifying security processs, and high cost of having cod calls from prison and long travel times to the correctional installation ( McMurray, 1993 ) . More than half of incarcerated female parents do non have any visits from their kids while they are in prison. It is normally helpful for kids to see their parent in prison to assist maintain that parent and child bond ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . However there are frequently behavioural reactions after visits because kids frequently feel the heartache of go forthing their parent one time once more ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . These behaviours are really painful ensuing in the parents to bespeak non to see ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Surveies have proved that bulk of kids cope with the crisis of pare ntal captivity better when they visit their parents ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . However, it takes clip for kids and households to cover with the feelings that the visits raise ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . While non sing, is sometimes easier on the emotions in the short tally, out of sight, is non out of head ( AdalistEstrin, A ; Mutin, 2003 ) . Programs for kids Two plans that help kids of incarcerated parents are the Youth Advocacy Program ( YAP ) and the Children with Incarcerated Parents ( ChIPS ) plan operated by the Center for Community Alternatives ( CCA ) ( Weissman, 2001 ) . The first measure in these two peculiar plans is to set up trust. Confidentiality is the 2nd measure because most of the clip kids of incarcerated parents try to conceal the truth about their parent ) ( Weissman, 2001 ) . Specific plan s focal point on issues such as: isolation, self-esteem, and shame ( Weissman, 2001 ) . Others focus on developing schemes for get bying with the absence of a parent, developing support systems, substance maltreatment, and understanding the correctional system ( Weissman, 2001 ) . Another chief end is to promote the kids of incarcerated parents to take part in other youth-oriented CCA plans. The Child Welfare League of America The Child Welfare League of America ( CWLA ) is an association of more than 1,100 public and non-profit-making bureaus devoted to bettering life for more than 3.5 million at hazard kids and young persons and their households. Member bureaus are involved with bar and intervention of kid maltreatment and disregard, and they provide assorted services in add-on to child protection affinity attention, household Foster attention, acceptance, positive young person development plans, residential group attention, kid attention, household centered pattern, and plans for pregnant and rearing adolescents. Vermont Programs Vermont has a plan that helps kids of incarcerated parents. This plan is an branch of the Lamoille County Court Diversion Restorative Justice Programs ( Barr, 2008 ) . The intent of this plan is to forestall childs from come ining gaol or prison. This plan is available to kids that have parents or guardian that is incarcerated ( Barr, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Barr ( 2008 ) , research shows that kids who have strong and stable household connexions, do good in school, and are connected with their communities are more likely to be successful as grownups. Through instance direction the CJR aid kids and their households achieve ends within: school, community, and place life ( Barr, 2008 ) . The CJR specializers frequently make place and school visits ( Barr, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Barr ( 2008 ) , over clip, the undertaking has revealed that the most needful aid has been in assisting kids receive preventative medical attention. This plan is the lone one of its sort funded by the provi nce. The Children at Risk Program The Children at Risk Program ( CAR ) is a drug, intoxicant, and delinquency bar plan. The plan is aimed at enrolling high hazard striplings eleven to thirteen old ages of age life in troubled vicinities. The plan provided services such as: intensive instance direction, household services, mentoring, and inducements. The household services were responsible for working with really household member and turn toing really job that could impact the place environment and support for the young person. The instance direction had to find the demands of the young person and their household. The young person was assigned a wise man if he or she did non hold a caretaker in the family. The CAR plan besides provided: tutoring, aid making prep, proving and particular instruction category. For good behaviour inducements was given to the young person. Methodology This current undertaking reveals the consequence intoxicant or drug usage and captivity can hold on a kid. The participants were striplings 11 to 13 old ages of age and parents populating in troubled vicinities, male ( 52 % ) and female ( 48 % ) ( Harrell, Adele V. , Cavanagh, Sridharan, 1999 ) . The race of participants were black ( 58 % ) , Hispanic ( 34 % ) , and white or Asiatic ( 8 % ) ( Harrell, etc. 1999 ) . The primary attention giver was frequently the female parent ( 80 % ) ( Harrell, etc. 1999 ) . The male topics were chosen through a random choice. The females offer to take part from a convenience sample. The major types of variables in this survey was how long did you utilize alcohol or drug, household history of captivity or force, who was the primary health professional at the clip of apprehension, how many childs do you hold and their age, and if the kid of all time had jobs with drugs or intoxicant ( James, 2003 ) . The Statistical plan ( SPSS ) will be used to analy se the variable for this survey. The hypothesis for this survey is that there is a relationship between parental drug and intoxicant usage and adolescent substance maltreatment. There is besides a relationship between adolescent substance maltreatment and neglecting classs. Harmonizing to Markel, MD, PhD ( 2005 ) , the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse ( CASA ) at Columbia University found that parents who use illegal drugs, maltreatment intoxicant, and utilize baccy put 50 % of the state s kids more than 35 million of them at increased hazard of substance maltreatment and of physical and mental unwellness. Children of incarcerated parent have multiple demands that are disputing to turn to. The survey consist of samples from two hundred 20 nine work forces and 50 two adult females aged 18 and older, who were in their first 40 eight hours of captivity in the section of corrections and who were voluntary participants in Arrestee drug maltreatment monitoring ( ADAM ) plan ( James, 2003 ) . Participants of the ADAM plan were selected from all arrestees charged with any condemnable act ( James, 2003 ) . The male topics were chosen through a random choice procedure, and the female topics were taken from a convenience sample ( James, 2003 ) . The survey that was administrated used a questionnaire completed as an dependence to the ADAM plan chief interview ( James, 2003 ) . All the participants of the ADAM plan had to listen to a 2nd informed consent statement before completing the chief study, after which they were asked to finish the 10 minute interview ( James, 2003 ) . The interview was submitted in person/face to confront interview ( James, 2003 ) . Variables used in the survey include the sex and race of the respondents, type of offense was incarcerated for, household condemnable history, history of drug and intoxicant usage and place the drug that was used, age when foremost started utilizing drugs and/or intoxicant, in last 12 months how many times did you utilize drugs and/or intoxicant ( James, 2003 ) . The other variables is refering to the captive kids including: how many kids and their ages for which you are responsible for, who does the kid reside with, who take the duty of watching the kid while the respondent is incarcerated, the figure of yearss of school the kid was absent within the past 12 months, if the kid had of all time had a history of drug and/or intoxicant usage, if the kid had of all time been admitted in a juvenile detainment installation, and if the kid had of all time received any support such as tutoring, guidance, or rearing categories ( James, 2003 ) . This survey examined the captive population and households at hazard and the connexion between parental substance usage and captivity and its impact on the kids of the incarcerated ( James, 2003 ) . Children of incarcerated parents frequently have jobs in: school, behavioural issues, adolescent gestation and intoxicant or drug maltreatment. The kids may besides endure from multiple psychological jobs including injury, anxiousness, guilt, shame, and fright ( The Women s Prison Association A ; Home ) . Many surveies have suggested that parental separation due to imprisonment, intoxicant and/or substance maltreatment had profound effects on kids ( The Osborne Association, 1992 ) .

Understanding Gaslighting and What Victims Can Do

Understanding Gaslighting and What Victims Can Do Gaslighting is a harmful form of psychological abuse in which a person or entity attempts to gain power over others by making them question their own recollection of events, perception of reality, and ultimately  their sanity.  Ã‚  Ã‚   As used in clinical research, literature, and political commentary, the term comes from the 1938 Patrick Hamilton play â€Å"Gas Light,† and its film adaptations released in 1940 and 1944, in which a murderous husband slowly drives his wife insane by progressively dimming their home’s gas-powered lights without her knowledge. When his wife complains, he convincingly tells her that the light has not changed.   Since almost anyone can fall victim to gaslighting, it is a common tactic of domestic abusers, cult leaders, sociopaths, narcissists, and dictators. Gaslighting can be perpetrated by either women or men. Often especially convincingly charming liars, gaslighters consistently deny their devious actions. For example, physically abusive persons involved in intimate relationships may gaslight their partners by passionately denying  they had acted violently or by trying to convince victims that they â€Å"deserved it,† or â€Å"enjoyed it.† Ultimately, gaslighting victims lower their expectations of what constitutes true affection and start to see themselves as being less deserving of affectionate treatment. The gaslighter’s ultimate goal is to instill a feeling of â€Å"I can’t believe my eyes† causing their victims to second guess their perception of reality, choice, and decision, thus increasing their level of trust in and dependence on their abuser for helping them â€Å"do the right thing.† Dangerously, of course, the â€Å"right thing† is often the â€Å"wrong thing.† The longer the gaslighting continues, the more catastrophic its effects can be on the victim’s psychological health. In the most serious cases, the victim actually begins to accept the gaslighter’s false version of reality as the truth, stop looking for help, reject the advice and support of family and friends, and become completely dependent of their abuser. Techniques and Examples of Gaslighting The techniques of gaslighting are cleverly designed to make it hard for victims to recognize. In most cases, the gaslighter purposely creates situations that allow them to hide the truth from the victim. For example, a gaslighter might move his partner’s keys from their usual spot, causing her to think she had misplaced them. He then â€Å"helps† her find the keys, telling her something like, â€Å"See? They’re right where you always leave them.† According the Domestic Abuse Hotline, the most common techniques of gaslighting include: Withholding: The gaslighter pretends not to understand or ignores his or her victims. For example, â€Å"Oh, not this again,† or â€Å"Now you’re trying to confuse me,† or â€Å"How many times have I told you†¦?†Countering: The gaslighter wrongly blames the victim’s faulty memory, even when the victim’s recollection is accurate. For example, â€Å"You’ve been forgetting things more often lately,† or â€Å"Your mind is playing tricks on you again.†Blocking or Diverting: The gaslighter keeps changing the subject or questioning their victim’s mental health, For example, â€Å"I bet your crazy friend (or family member) told you that,† or â€Å"You’re just making things up so you can use them against me.†Trivializing: The gaslighter makes the victim’s needs or fears seem unimportant. For example: â€Å"You’re mad at me for a little thing like that?† or â€Å"You’re going to let that come between us?†Forgetting or Denial: The gaslighter falsely claims to have forgotten what actually happened or denies promises made to the victim. For example, â€Å"I told you I was going to be late,† or â€Å"I never told you I would pick you up.† Common Signs of Gaslighting Victims must first recognize the signs  of gaslighting in order to escape the abuse. According to psychoanalyst Robin Stern, Ph.D., you might be a victim if: You seem to be second-guessing or doubting yourself more often,You constantly wonder if you might be â€Å"too sensitive.†You often feel confused, possibly to the point of doubting your own sanity.You constantly feel you need to apologize to your partner.You wonder why, with so many good things in your life, you are so unhappy.You frequently feel the need to make excuses for partner’s behavior.You often withhold information about your partner’s behavior from friends and family.You know something is very wrong, but can’t quite figure out what it is.You struggle to make what should be simple decisions.You constantly feel that you need to be a â€Å"better person.†You feel hopeless and joyless.You wonder if you are â€Å"good enough† partner. Since some of these signs of gaslighting- especially those involving memory loss and confusion- could also be symptoms of another physical or emotional disorder,  persons experiencing them should always consult with a physician. Recovering from Gaslighting Once they recognize that someone is gaslighting them, victims can recover and regain their ability to trust their own perception of reality. Victims often benefit from re-establishing relationships they may have abandoned as a result of being abused. Isolation only makes the situation worse and surrenders more power to the abuser. Knowing they have the trust and support of others helps victims recover the ability to trust and believe in themselves. Recovering gaslighting victims may also choose to seek professional therapy to gain reassurance that their sense of reality is correct. Again able to trust themselves, victims are better able to end their relationship with their abusers. While gaslighter-victim relationships can be salvaged, doing so can be difficult. As relationship therapist Darlene Lancer, JD, points out, both partners must be willing and able to change their behavior. Willing partners sometimes successfully encourage each other to change. However, as Lancer notes, this is less likely to happen if one or both partners has an addiction or personality disorder. Key Points About Gaslighting Gaslighting is a harmful form of psychological abuse.Gaslighters attempt to gain control over others by making them question their own memory, reality, and sanity.Gaslighting is a common tactic of domestic abusers, cult leaders, sociopaths, narcissists, and dictators.The first step in recovering from gaslighting is realizing it is happening.As with all forms of psychological and domestic abuse, professional help is often needed. Sources and Additional References Firth, Shanon. â€Å"What is gaslighting?† The Week onlineJacobson, Neil S.; Gottman, John M. When Men Batter Women: New Insights into Ending Abusive Relationships. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81447-6â€Å"What is Gaslighting.† Domestic Abuse Hotline. Online. May 29, 2014â€Å"7 Signs You Are a Victim of Gaslighting†. Divorced moms .comâ€Å"11 Warning Signs of Gaslighting.† PsychologyToday.com. January 22, 2017Stern, Robin, PhD. The Gaslight Effect: How to Spot and Survive the Hidden Manipulation Others Use to Control Your Life. Harmony. ISBN 978-0-7679-2445-0â€Å"Gaslighting Definition, Techniques and Being Gaslighted.†Ã‚  HealthyPlace.comâ€Å"Gaslighting.† GoodTherapy.org onlineLancer, Darlene JD, LMFT. â€Å"How to Know If Youre a Victim of Gaslighting.† PsychologyToday.com. January, 13, 2018Stout, Martha. The Sociopath Next Door. Random House Digital. ISBN 978-0-7679-1582-3.

Law and Order Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Law and Order - Essay Example Basically every country needs a sequence and order to operate its functions properly. In order to make all the tasks of the country go smoothly law and order is implied. Law and order also make sure that a country has peaceful conditions and every one is treated equally. Law and order make sure that every person of the country has its share of rights. If a country lacks stableness in Law and order than it deteriorates economically, its neighbor countries avoid major communications with the country and the conditions of the country meaning peace is not maintained. If a country’s law and order is not imposed properly than automatically it loses political stability. In order to maintain Law and order in a country certain aspects need to be given special importance and it should be made sure that ignorance is avoided. The major factor for an efficient Law and order is to have a good balanced Lawsuit. Other factors include an effective check system on the Law imposers in order to check their credibility and the ratio of police to citizens. Another important factor is the role of the citizens in maintaining Law and order in their country. It’s important for the citizens to abide by law and obey every lawful order.

Retailing Business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Retailing Business - Case Study Example Discussion will be mde bsing on one of mngement prdigms used to review the wy n orgniztion functions. The most suitble prdigm in discussion of orgniztionl culture nd structure is interpretive discourse. Current paradigm was chosen because it assists in defining organizational culture and visualizing the structure of an organization.( As long as interpretetive paradigm aims to characterize how people experience the world, the ways they interact together, and the settings in which these interactions take place and thus, the discussion in present paper will be based on this specific approach (Burrell, Morgn, 1979). In the end, current pper will provide recommendtions for n orgniztion in frmes of chosen prdigm. The structurl chnges of orgniztionl strtegy re presented nd recommendtions to the top mngement tem t Tnglewood re provided. Tnglewood is leding chin of retil stores proposing items such s clothing, pplinces, electronics, nd home decor. There re totl of 243 stores wth more thn 29600 people employed in the sttes of Wshington, Oregon, Northern Cliforni, Idho, Montn, Wyoming, Colordo, Uth, Nevd, New Mexico, nd rizon. The compny opertes in the moderte price niche, trgeting middle- nd upper-income customers. Tnglewood's strtegic distinction is n "outdoors" theme, with lrge cmping nd outdoor living section in every store. The store lso distinguishes itself by its simple, elegnt, nd uncluttered design concepts for the store nd their in-house products (ilwdi, Keller, 2005). The compny's mission sttement is: "Tnglewood will be the best deprtment store for customers seeking qulity, durbility, nd vlue for ll spects of their ctive lives. We re committed s compny to providing mximum vlue to our customers, shreholders, nd employees. We will ccomplish this gol by dhering to the core vlues of responsible finncil mngement, cler nd honest communiction, nd lwys keeping performnce nd customer service in the forefront" (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004, p 83). Relyng on sles of non-food tems nd on nterntonl sales particularly n emergng mrkets--for n mportnt prt of the compny's future expnson, Tnglewood hs delvered one of the fstest orgnc growth rtes of ny mjor retler n the world. The process of growth hs been very quick in the lst 5 yers, nd hs involved buyouts of severl smller chins of deprtment stores. While ll the stores under the Tnglewood nme hve the sme bsic look, the mngement styles nd humn resource (HR) prctices still reflect the historicl differences between stores. (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004). Underpnnng Tnglewood's success s excellent mngement nd n obsesson wth opertonl effcency nd productvty gns, whch the compny uses to keep prces low or to mprove servce rther thn to ncrese ts opertng mrgns. Despte ths mpressve record, Tnglewood s stll reltvely smll compred wth the lkes of Kohl's nd Trget, but t s growng fster (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004). Despte ths mpressve record Tnglewood stll fces number of chllenges during the fiscl yer. The US retler is smll n comprson wth the lke s Kohl nd TrgetCrrefour so it in order to rech hgher records it hd to substntlly nvest n hrdwre nd softwre of both compnes so tht the sustnble compettve dvntge n ts onlne retlng busness hs been reched. (Dunne, Lusch, Griffith, 2004). The trget udience of Tnglewood is people of ll ges who mke

Category Analysis of Sports and Energy Drinks In Hong Kong Essay Example for Free

Category Analysis of Sports and Energy Drinks In Hong Kong Essay Introduction Our company, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. , Ltd, is planning for a product strategy to its product: Pocari Sweat. Pocari Sweat is a grapefruit-tasting, non-carbonated sweet beverage and is advertised as an â€Å"ion supply drink†. It is designed to increase endurance, replace electrolyte loss or prevent dehydration when exercising for long periods of time. Pocari Sweat is well-recognized by the local people, especially to the athletes. Category Attractiveness Analysis Category Factor The product category we defined is the Sports and Energy Drinks. We gained the first mover advantage when the product was launched at 1980, which we are the market leader which has a off-trade volume of brand share of 43. 8% in 2012 (see Appendix Table 6). The threat of new entrants in this category is low due to the intensive competition, and there is low pressure from substitutes as sports and energy drinks are specialized products. The bargaining power of suppliers is low while the bargaining power of buyers is high. The competition in current market is highly intensive. Details can be referred to the analysis on Category Factors on Attractiveness in Appendix. Overall, this category is still attractive. Aggregate Factor The product life cycle of Sports and Energy Drinks is more likely in mature stage. From the historical figures of whole beverage market, the market size of Sports and Energy Drinks is relatively small. The market growth of off-trade sales volume of this category is increasing constantly by 5. 4% from 2007 to 2012. It will grow constantly in the future by 5% of each year. Since Sports and Energy Drinks are daily commodities for those people after exercising, the sales cyclicity and seasonality is low, as well as the profit variability. Profit level of the market is high. Overall, this category is attractive. Environmental Factor Due to the rise of childhood obesity and the increasing number of cases of cancer, diabetes and heart disease, there are an increasing number of initiatives by both government and non-governmental organizations to promote healthy living and a more balanced lifestyle. The consumer awareness of doing exercises increases and consumers become more willing to engage in sports to keep fit and relieve the stress of their work. Also, there are an increasing number of participations in sports event. Each year, the number of registration of Standard Chartered Hong Kong Marathon increases gradually. Other sports events such as Nike Night Run, New World Harbour Race, and charity runs are also well supported by the local residents. These led to increased consumer awareness of the benefits of sports drinks, result in the increase of purchasing of sports drinks. Competitor Analysis Level of competitions Level of competitions can be divided into Sports Drinks, Sports and Energy Drinks, Beverages and Food. Since the sales volume of Sports Drinks is contributed to 80% (Appendix Table 1) of sales in the Sports and Energy Drinks category, analysis of competition would be focus on the Sports Drinks only. Based on the perceptual map analysis, the closest competitor to Pocari Sweat is Aquarius. Both Pocari Sweat and Aquarius are ion supply drinks with a grapefruit-liked flavour. Aquarius tastes a bit lighter than Pocari Sweat. For Lucozade and Gatorade, the brand images of both are more professional for athletes, with stronger taste in different flavours. Aquarius would be the main competitor for further analysis. In terms of the brand shares of Sports Drinks, Lucozade would also be a main competitor of Pocari Sweat. GlaxoSmithKline, the company of the brand Lucozade, stated that strengthening core business is their strategic concern on 2012. The company objective is having growth in the Sports Drinks market, and they set up a new innovation centre in mainland China. Aquarius, which is a sport drink launched in 2011 by Coca-Cola Company, is highly involved in many race events in Hong Kong. Although there are no Aquarius advertisements in Hong Kong, you can find Aquarius as sponsored sports drinks in local events such as Standard Chartered Marathon Hong Kong. Maintaining growth in the market is also the main objective of Coca-Cola Company in Aquarius. Although Aquarius is a new entrant to the market since 2011, it has about 5% of volume brand shares in the market in two years. With the financial background and the brand image of Coca-Cola Company, it raises the brand awareness of Aquarius by keep involving in the public event, in order to attract the sportsmen to buy their products. Aquarius would be the main competitor in the field of isotonic rehydration sports drink. Conclusion. The Sports and Energy Drinks market is attractive, as the market size is constantly growing, the threat of new entrant is low, the pressure from substitutes is low and the profit variability is low. With the continuous sports and healthy lifestyle promotions by both government and non-government organizations, they will boost up the sales of Sports and Energy Drinks. In the Sports Drinks market, Pocari Sweat is the market leader with 43. 8% of brand shares of total in volume. People prefer buying Pocari Sweat for recovery after exercising comparing with other related products. Aquarius is the closest competitor related to our product. Still, the company has to maintain the brand loyalty and attract more customers by marketing and advertising. Recommendation The company can put more resources on advertising and also target a new market segment: manual labours. Manual labours need to replace electrolyte loss and prevent dehydration while working, especially in the hot seasons. Pocari Sweat would be the best choice for them. Also, the company can invest more on RD to develop a new product which is best suited for the new market segment. Words counted: 934. Reference Euromonitor International 2013, Sports and Energy Drinks in Hong Kong, China, Passport. Euromonitor International 2013, Bottled Water in Hong Kong, China, Passport. Euromonitor International 2013, Carbonates in Hong Kong, China, Passport. Euromonitor International 2012, Consumer Lifestyles in Hong Kong, China, Passport Annual Report 2012, Otsuka Holdings Co. , Ltd. Annual Report 2012, GlaxoSmithKline plc. Annual Report 2012, Swire Pacific Ltd. Supermarket Price Watch. [Online]. Consumer Council. Available: http://www3. consumer. org. hk/pricewatch/supermarket/index. php? filter1=027filter2=006lang=en Erik, P. Sports drinks vs. energy drinks. [Online]. Available: http://www. examiner. com/article/sports-drinks-vs-energy-drinks-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly Appendix Category Factors on Attractiveness Reasons Attractiveness Low Threat of new entrants Current market is competed intensively, and the new entrants are hardly survived in this environment. The capital requirement is high as special formula for sports drinks needs to be developed. High High Bargaining Power of buyers The major buyers are supermarkets (61. 4%) and convenience stores (35%), which they have a higher bargaining power when purchasing a large amount of products. (Appendix Table 3) Low Low Bargaining Power of suppliers The ingredients of the Sports and Energy Drinks can be purchased from different suppliers. The switching cost to other suppliers is low. High High Intensity of Rivalry There are 9 major brands in the current market. (Appendix Table 6) The competition is highly intensive. Low Low Pressure from substitutes Other carbonate drinks or juices do not have the same benefits as sports and energy drinks on performance and recovery during exercising. Bottled water would be the main substitutes of Sports and Energy Drinks. High. Attractiveness of Market Variables Reasons Attractiveness Small Market size Compare with other drinks, the market size of Sports and Energy Drinks is relatively small, only has an off-trade sale volume of 20. 3 million litres in 2012. (Appendix Table 2) Low Constant Market growth Market growth of sales volume increased by about 5. 4% each year from 2007 to 2012, the forecast growth rate of the market is also positive. (Appendix Table 4 5) The market is growing constantly. High Low Sales cyclicity Sports and exercising are daily activities across the year. High Low Sales seasonality. Sports and exercising are daily activities across the year. High Profit level With the benefit of economic of scales and mass production, the profit level is high for Pocari Sweat. High Low Profit variability Sports and exercising are daily activities across the year. High Product Life Cycle Stage Reasons Maturity There are lots of competitors in the Sports and Energy Drinks market. The pricing of the Sports and Energy Drinks is stable among this few years, ranged from $9. 5 – 13. 9, which means that the price is at the edge related to the material costs. (Appendix Table 7) Also, the volume growth of category is about 5. 4% in each year from 2007-2012, which is low to moderate growth of the market. The forecast volume growth of the category has 5% which is quite considerable. Level of competitions Product Form Sports Drinks: Pocari Sweat, Aquarius, Lucozade Sport, Gatorade, Drinkazine Energy Watt and other related â€Å"ion supply drinks† Product Category Sports and Energy Drinks: Including the energy drinks, such as Lucozade Energy, Monster Energy, Red Bull, Libogen Tonic Drink Generic Competition Beverages: Carbonated soft drinks, bottled water, beers, juices, etc. Budget Competition All consumer products with similar price. Current Future Company Strategy Matrix on Sports Drinks Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. , Ltd GlaxoSmithKline Coca-Cola Company Objectives Grow market share and volume Grow market share and volume Grow market share and volume Current Strategies Advertising and promotion of products. Products expanding in multiple segments of category. Products launching and increased advertising spend. Expected future strategies Focus on product development, increased advertising and promotions. Focus on brand extensions with new flavours to fill category. Focus on raising brand awareness through local sports events.

Strains on Partnership Arrangements in Business :: Business Ownership

a. Collaboration's importance to partners—One partner may give more management attention to a collaborative arrangement than the other does. a. If things go wrong, the active partner blames the less-active partner for its lack of attention, and the less-active partner blames the more active partner for making poor decisions. The difference in attention may be due to the different sizes of partners. b. Differing objectives—Although companies enter into collaborative arrangements because they have complementary capabilities, their objectives may evolve differently over time. For instance, one partner may want to reinvest earnings for growth and the other may want to receive dividends. One partner may want to expand the product line and sales territory, and the other may see this as competition with its wholly owned operations. A partner may wish to sell or buy from the venture, and the other partner may disagree with the prices. c. Control problems—By sharing the assets with another company, one company may lose some control of the extent or quality of the assets' use. When no single company has control of a collaborative arrangement, the operation may lack direction. Studies show that when two or more partners attempt to share in an operation's management, failure is much more likely than when one partner dominates. However, the dominating partner must consider the other company's interests. For this reason, studies also show that joint ventures with an even split in ownership are likely to succeed because the financial ownership ensures that management will consider both partners' interests. d. Partners' contributions and appropriations—One partner's capability of contributing technology, capital, or some other asset may diminish compared to its partner's capability over time. In almost all collaborative arrangements, there is a danger that one partner will use the other partner's contributed assets, enabling it to become a competitor. e. Differences in culture—Companies with different cultures differ in how they evaluate the success of their operations.

An Organizational Failure: Blockbuster Essay

1. Describe and discuss how the organization’s culture facilitated the failure. Philips (2011) believes that success or failure of any great company depends on â€Å"Events, internal and external† (p. 3). Blockbuster also appears to be a victim of certain events at internal as well as external level. Based in McKinney, Texas, Blockbuster and founded in 1985 (Blockbuster Corporate, 2012) and it ushered in a new era as far as video rental retail industry was concerned. The company gave birth to video rental places that had significant amount of movies under one roof (the first store had 8,000 movies) and were not associated with bad movies or bad neighborhoods (Greenberg, 2008). Initially, the company’s strategy was to expand aggressively and the leadership defined Blockbuster’s vision to become McDonald’s of the video rental business. Referring to the company leadership’s ambitious goals, Greenberg writes: The Blockbuster strategy was simple à ¢â‚¬â€œ pump as much money as possible into buying local and regional chains while keeping centralized control over the look and feel of the individual stores. By the VSDA convention the following year, Blockbuster had acquired two other chains and its more than 250 stores dotted the country. At the convention, Huizenga’s marketing executive Tom Gruber outlined vision for the future of the company, and it was expansive. Gruber had spent eighteen years working for McDonald’s before joining Blockbuster, and both he and Huizenga were explicit: Blockbuster wanted to be the McDonald’s of home video (the comparison was so deliberate that at one trade show presentation, huge photographs of Huizenga and McDonald’s leader Ray Kroc were projected side-by-side). (p. 128) So, Blockbuster came into being with a big bang and a unique presentation which was reflected in its slogan â€Å"Wow, What a difference† (Greenberg, 2008). In the beginning, the company even hired greeters who would welcome customers at each location’s entrance whereas the employees were provided with manuals about how to deal with customers. That was the beginning. The strategy and vision worked amazingly well. However, as the company travelled with fanfare down the road, it developed a culture that might have its roots in complacency. The obsession with expansion seemed to derail a process the leadership should have put in place. Rayburn (2009) recalls how Blockbuster’s culture became a liability for the company and ultimately led to its bankruptcy. In 1999, a company called Globix (Rayburn was representing it at that time) was trying to strike a deal with Blockbuster in order to deliver movies to customers online. However, Blockbuster decided to partner with Enron instead of Globix. Rayburn (2009) goes on to point out that though Blockbuster was discussing future developments in advance and contemplated â€Å"about a digital media strategy way before consumers wanted the service and the Internet was even able to support it, that foresight on their part never materialized into any real online video strategy over the next ten years† (para. 4). What surprises Rayburn (2009) is that there was no deal between Blockbuster and Enron as was announced in 2000. In his view, Blockbuster had a great chance to be in the driving seat and â€Å"should have been in the position Netflix is in today as they were the first movers in the market. Yet ten years later, the company still can’t seem to get their act together when it comes to digital media† (para. 5). Apparently, it took a bankruptcy to do the course correction as far as the company’s future direction is concerned. Blockbuster’s mission statement now takes into account today’s reality. It says (Retail Industry, 2012): Our corporate mission is to provide our customers with the most convenient access to media entertainment, including movie and game entertainment delivered through multiple distribution channels such as our stores, by-mail, vending and kiosks, online and at home. We believe Blockbuster offers customers a value-prices entertainment experience, combining the broad product depth of a specialty retailer with local neighborhood convenience. (Blockbuster’s Mission Statement) The timeline of the company’s existence shows the culture of inaction at the top level delayed changes for a very long time. The company introduced Blockbuster Total Access program aimed at online as well as in store renting as late as November 2006 (Blockbuster Corporate, 2012). On the other hand, Netflix started its journey in 1996 and introduced its subscription service in 1999 and by 2010 it had 20 million subscribers (Netflix, 2012). 2. Apply the appropriate learning disabilities and laws that describe this situation. Like other organizations that hit stumbling blocks, Blockbuster had its hurdles in the shape of certain learning disabilities. One such disability is what Professor Senge (2006) calls ‘the fixation on events’. He writes: Conversations in organizations are dominated by concern with events: last month’s sales, the new budget cuts, last quarter’s earnings, who just got promoted or fired, the new product our competitor just announced, the delay that just was announced in our new product, and so on. The media reinforces an emphasis on short-term events – after all, if it’s more than two days old it’s no longer â€Å"news.† (p. 21) Another learning disability Blockbuster may have fallen prey to is ‘the parable of the boiled frog’. Senge (2006) explains that â€Å"Maladaptation to gradually building threats to survival is so pervasive in systems studies of corporate failure that it has given rise to the parable† (p. 22). Blockbuster also seemed to pay attention to events and little focus on learning new things and look beyond the horizon. Plus, it remained complacent as the leader of video rental company until Netflix and RedBox surged ahead to the extent that Blockbuster had to file for bankruptcy. Levy (2010) also blames Blockbuster for not being proactive in learning and bringing the desired changes. He believes â€Å"Change management is not just a tool to deflect distracting maybe-we-should’s, but it’s also a way to handle legitimate we-need-to’s that were missed at the start or that are responses to a changing business environment† (para. 7). So, instead of take charge in a fast changing rental business, Blockbuster refused to budge from its brick-and-mortar edge. Gradually, that edge fell apart like house of cards because the leadership failed to set in motion certain processes that should have allowed Blockbuster to remain the leader of the video rental retail industry. Moreover, the company’s leadership had their eyes set on something else, too. Is there any reason to believe that Blockbuster once tried to purchase Circuit City in 2008? According to Farfan (2010) it did happen but Circuit City rejected the offer and later on Blockbuster withdrew its offer. â€Å"Just two years later, Circuit City is out of business, and Blockbuster is struggling to stay out of bankruptcy court itself. The combination of the two companies seems somewhat symbiotic today, in a sad like-attracts-like kind of way† (Farfan, 2010, para. 11). 3. Explain the elements of the organization’s culture that will lead to similar failures in the future. Lack of focus and clarity in the vision may bring problems for the company in the future as well. Similarly, overconfidence in having physical locations may overshadow the future planning once again. The leadership must look into the fact whether the video store locations in different parts of the country are a benefit or a disadvantage. It may be very difficult to let go those locations, but if it is the right thing to do keeping in view how consumers want movies and games then the company should get rid of those locations. Though the company has new management after it was taken over by Dish Network Corporation, the mission statement still attracts critics. Commenting on Blockbuster’s future, Levy (2010) argues that the company’s mission statement has competing priorities. He points out: This muddled vision (officially the corporate mission statement) provides no clear guidance against which various corporate managers can test their ideas and initiatives. Drop prices? It’s in there. Raise them to cover our depth? It’s in there. Compete with Netflix? It’s in there. Have brick-and-mortar high-monthly-nut locations? It’s in there. Make money? Oops, that’s not in there. (para. 6) The new leadership at the company seems to recognize the reality and wants to let investors and other stakeholders know that it is evolving as the media entertainment industry is transforming. â€Å"While transforming and diversifying its store-base continues as a company priority, BLOCKBUSTER now offers convenient access to media entertainment anywhere and any way consumers want it – whether in stores, by mail or digital download† (Blockbuster Corporate, 2012). 4. Recommend specific actions the organization can take to prevent future failures from occurring. First of all, it should keep an eye on technological advancements that are happening at a very fast speed. It will allow the company to feel the pulse of what is going on and what might occur down the lane. The company should hire a chief learning officer in order to make learning an integral part of the organizational culture. At the same time, by developing a culture of learning will help the company adjust to changes and challenges that may be thrown at it. As Philips (2011) mentioned in his book, Blockbuster has to make sure events taking place within the organization and outside the organization should not come as surprises. He advises that learning and changing at a required pace is necessary for organizations. Moreover, if the company believes physical locations still make the company a leader it should build a unique culture of customer service so that people crave for Blockbuster visits. Philip (2011) reminds policy makers that â€Å"Just as history is not made by great men alone, so companies and countries don’t go bust just because one or two people chase the dream too hard. They need a support staff† (p. 59). Since Dish Network has its own subscribers, it should attempt to attract additional customers through combinations of Blockbuster-Dish Network offerings. Similarly, the company should not underestimate other companies just because they are startups. Actually, there may be reasons to learn from new business models in the industry. Woloszynowicz (2010) informs his readers that Netflix was not a success in the beginning as its IPO dropped from $15 per share to $6 per share after it was launched. On the other hand Blockbuster leadership interpreted slide in Netflix’s share as a failure and thought the company is not going to make any difference in the industry. References Blockbuster Corporate. (2012). Company Overview. Retrieved January 17, 2012, from http://blockbuster.mwnewsroom.com/Company-Overview Greenberg, J. M. (2008). From BetaMax to Blockbuster: Video stores and the invention of movies on video. Boston, MA: MIT Press. Levy, S. B. (2010, September). Blockbuster Goes Bust – Outfoxed by Redbox, Licked by Netflix. Retrieved January 17, 2012, from http://lexician.com/lexblog/2010/09/blockbuster-goes-bust-outfoxed-by-redbox-licked-by-netflix/ Netflix. (2012). A brief history of the company that revolutionized watching of movies and TV shows. Retrieved January 17, 2012, from https://signup.netflix.com/MediaCenter/ Timeline Phillips, T. (2011). Fit to bust: How great companies fail. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page. Rayburn, D. (2009, July 16). Ten Years Later, Blockbuster Still Lacks A Digital Media Strategy (BBI). Retrieved January 17, 2012, from http://blog.streamingmedia.com/the_business_ of_online_vi/2009/07/tens-years-later-blockbuster-still-lacks-a-digital-media-strategy.html Senge, P. M. (2006). The fifth discipline: The art and